Day Symbols of the Maya Year: Sixteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1894-1895, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1897, pages 199-266.Thomas, Cyrus
Religion
Day Symbols of the Maya Year: Sixteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1894-1895, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1897, pages 199-266.
Thomas, Cyrus
Maya calendar
The combinations shown in plate LXVI, 28, 29, 30, and 55, in which the
symbol of this day appears, have as yet received no satisfactory
explanation. Those shown in LXVI, 28, and 55, are of very frequent
occurrence and probably indicate some common ceremony, order, or
direction in the religious ceremonies. I have a strong suspicion that
the first indicates exorcism or driving away the evil spirits, but I
find no appropriate Maya word unless it be _pekokalil_, given by
Henderson. This, however, does not agree with the interpretation
_Kinichkakmo_, given by Seler to LXVI, 29, above referred to. Seler
gives to LXVI, 30, the apparently strained interpretation, "he who is
conquered in war and brought home prisoner." I have no interpretation to
offer.[248-1]
THE FOURTEENTH DAY
Maya, _ix_ or _hix_; Tzental, _hix_; Quiche-Cakchiquel, _balam_, _yiz_,
or _hix_; Zapotec, _eche_; Nahuatl, _ocelotl_.
The symbol of this day is found in quite a number of different forms,
some of which are wide variations from the prevailing type.
Landa's figure is shown in plate LXVI, 31. The usual forms found in the
Tro. Codex are LXVI, 32 to 37; 36 is somewhat rare. That shown at 38 is
found only on plate 30*c, and that showing the animal head (39) on plate
12c. No essential variations from these are found in either the Codex
Peresianus or Cortesianus. Those shown in LXVI, 40-42, are from the
Dresden Codex.
The Nahuatl name and the Quiche-Cakchiquel, _balam_, denote the "tiger,"
possibly the jaguar, though the Mexican name certainly refers to the
_ocelot_. Dr Brinton says that the Zapotec _eche_, or in the full form
_be-eche-guia_, has the same signification. Dr Seler, however, derives
it from the term _peche-tao_, "the great animal"--the tiger, or
ferocious animal. But the other names, _ix_, _hix_, _hiix_ or _gix_, as
they are variously written (though really one word), present a more
serious difficulty to the attempt to bring them into harmony with the
others.
Dr Seler says:
The Cakchiquel term _yiz_, i. e., the Maya _h-ez_, "the sorcerer,"
may well be considered as giving an explanation of the Maya name of
this day character (_ix_). My conception, after one more link in
the chain of evidence pointing toward it, is that the day-character
system has become known to the Mayas through the medium of the
cognate branches of Chiapas, for we frequently find the
Tzental-Zotzil _x_ corresponding to the Maya _z_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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