De Canibus Britannicis: Of Englishe DoggesCaius, John
Science
De Canibus Britannicis: Of Englishe Dogges
Caius, John
Dogs -- Early works to 1800
Both which kyndes are tearmed of the Latines by one common name that is,
_Canes Venatici_, hunting dogges. But (3) because we Englishe men make a
difference betweene hunting and fowleling, for that they are called by
these seuerall wordes, _Venatio_ & _Aucupium_, so they tearme the Dogges
whom they vse in these sundry games by diuers names, as those which
serue for the beast, are called _Venatici_, the other which are vsed for
the fowle are called _Aucupatorij_.
The first kind called _Venatici_ I deuide into fiue sortes.
{ The first in perfect smelling
{ The second in quicke spying
{ The thirde in swiftnesse and quicknesse
{ The fourth in smelling & nymblenesse
{ The fifte in subtiltie and deceitfulnesse,
excelleth.
Of the Dogge called a Harier, in Latine _Leuerarius_.
That kinde of Dogge whom nature hath indued with the vertue of smelling,
whose property it is to vse a lustines, a readines, and a couragiousnes
in hunting, and draweth into his nostrells the ayre or sent of the beast
pursued and followed, we call by this word _Sagax_, the _Græcians_ by
thys word ἰχνευτήν of tracing or chasing by y^e foote, or ῥινηλάτην,
of the nostrells, which be the instrumentes of smelling. Wee may knowe
these kinde of Dogges by their long, large, and bagging lippes, by their
hanging eares, reachyng downe both sydes of their chappes, and by the
indifferent and measurable proportion of their making. This sort of
Dogges we call _Leuerarios_ Hariers, that I may comprise the whole nũber
of them in certaine specialties, and apply to them their proper and
peculier names, for so much as they cannot all be reduced (4) and
brought vnder one sorte, considering both the sundrye uses of them,
and the difference of their seruice wherto they be appointed.
Some for
{ The Hare
{ The Foxe
{ The Wolfe
{ The Harte
{ The Bucke
{ The Badger
{ The Otter
{ The Polcat
{ The Lobster
{ The Weasell
{ The Conny, &c.
Some for one thing and some for another.
As for the Conny, whom we haue lastly set downe, wee use not to hunt,
but rather to take it, somtime with the nette sometime with a ferret,
and thus euery seuerall sort is notable and excellent in his naturall
qualitie and appointed practise. Among these sundry sortes, there be
some which are apt to hunt two diuers beasts, as the Foxe otherwhiles,
and other whiles the Hare, but they hunt not with such towardnes and
good lucke after them, as they doe that whereunto nature hath formed and
framed them, not onely in externall composition & making, but also in
inward faculties and conditions, for they swarue oftentimes, and doo
otherwise then they should.
Of the Dogge called a Terrar, in Latine _Terrarius_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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