De Canibus Britannicis: Of Englishe DoggesCaius, John
Science
De Canibus Britannicis: Of Englishe Dogges
Caius, John
Dogs -- Early works to 1800
[Sagax.] Hunde igitur (quem inter venaticos sagacem diximus) a verbo
nostro hunte, quod apud nostros venari significat, unica tantum
immutata litera derivata appellatione, nomen habet. Quod si a
vocabulo vestrati hunde, (quod canem in universum apud vos
significat) propter vocum similitudinem appellari credas (mi
Gesnere) ut non magnopere repugnabo, cum adhuc retinemus multa
Germanica vocabula, a Saxonibus cum Angliam occuparunt nobis
relicta, ita illud admonebo, commune quidem nomen canis apud nos
dogge esse, venatici vero canis hunde.
_Sagax_, in Englishe Hunde, is deriued of our English word hunte.
One letter chaunged in another, namely, T, into D, as Hunt, Hunde,
whom (if you coniecture to be so named of your country worde _Hunde_
which signifieth the generall name Dogge, because of the similitude
and likenesse of the wordes I will not stand in contradiction
(friende _Gesner_) for so much as we retaine among vs at this day
many Dutche wordes which the _Saxons_ left at such time as they
occupyed this country of Britane. Thus much also vnderstand, that as
in your language _Hunde_ is the common word, so in our naturall
tounge dogge is the vniuersall, but _Hunde_ is perticuler and a
speciall, for it signifieth such a dogge onely as serueth to hunt,
and therfore it is called a hunde.
Of the Gasehounde.
[Agasæus.] Similiter à verbo nostrati, Gase, (quòd fixius rem
aliquam & attentius contueri est) Gasehunde appellatur nostris, quem
ante Agasæum nominari diximus. Neque enim odoratu, sed prospectu
attento & diligenti feram persequitur iste canis, ut jam ante
memoravimus; etsi non sum nescius etiam apud Latinos Agasæi
vocabulum inter canum nomina reperiri.
The Gasehounde called in latine _Agasæus_, hath his name of the
sharpenesse and stedfastnesse of his eyesight. By which vertue he
compasseth that which otherwise he cannot by smelling attaine. As we
haue made former relation, for to gase is earnestly to viewe and
beholde, from whence floweth the deriuation of this dogges name.
Of the Grehounde.
[Leporarius.] A Gre quoque, Grehunde apud nostros invenit nomen,
quod præcipui gradus inter canes sit, & primæ generositatis. Gre
enim apud nostros gradum denotat. Hunc latinè Leporarium dicebamus.
The Grehounde called _Leporarius_, hath his name of this word, Gre,
which word soundeth, _Gradus_ in latine, in Englishe degree. Because
among all dogges these are the most principall, occupying the
chiefest place, and being simply and absolutely the best of the
gentle kinde of houndes.
Of the Leuyner or the Lyemmer.
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