Cicero, Marcus Tullius, the orator (106-43), born at Arpinum, educated at Rome under Archias, the Scaevolas, and the teachers of philosophy (_see_ Introduction), at Athens, in Asia, and at Rhodes; his training was all for service, I, 155; as consul (63) he crushed the conspiracy of Catiline, I, 84; banished (58), II, 58; his enforced retirement from his profession, III, 2-4; as a philosopher and orator, I, 1-3; follower of Socrates and Plato, I, 2; of the New Academy, II, 7-8; why he wrote on philosophy, II, 2-8; III, 1-5; attitude on the downfall of the Republic, II, 2. Cicero, Marcus Tullius, the orator's only son, I, 1, 15, 78; II, 1-8, 44; III, 1, 5, 33; born in 65; served with credit under Pompey, II, 45, and Sextus Pompey; a student of Peripatetic philosophy under Cratippus in Athens (44-43), I, 1; admonished to read also his father's works, I, 3; III, 121; served under Brutus (43-42); consul with Octavian (30). Cimbrians, a Celtic people, migrating in a vast horde toward Italy, were cut to pieces by Marius and Catulus in the Raudian Plains near Verona (101), I, 38. Cimon, of Athens, son of the great Miltiades; victorious admiral; statesman; genial and generous, II, 64; died (449). Circe, nymph of Aeaea, a sorceress; she kept Odysseus (Ulysses) in her halls a year, I, 113. Civic, compared with military service, I, 74 fg. Claudius; _see_ Appius and Centumalus and Pulcher. Cleombrotus, son of Pausanias, king of Sparta, fell at Leuctra (371), I, 84. Cleomenes; _see_ note to I, 33. Clodius; Publius Clodius Pulcher, Cicero's inveterate enemy, one of the most turbulent and corrupt characters of Rome, guilty of mutiny in the army, bribery in the courts, profligacy in his public and private life; secured Cicero's banishment; hired gladiators to force his own election to the praetorship, but was killed in a broil with Milo's rival gang of ruffians, II, 58. Cloelia, a Roman girl sent as a hostage to Porsena; she made her escape by swimming the Tiber, was sent back, but restored by the king with rewards for her courage, (I, 61). Clytaemnestra, daughter of Tyndareus, wife of Agamemnon, paramour of Aegisthus, with whom she murdered her husband on his return from Troy; she was in turn slain by her son Orestes. Subject of a tragedy by Accius, I, 114. Cocles, Horatius, the hero who with two others kept the bridge against Porsena and Tarquin, I, 61. Collatinus, Lucius Tarquinius, husband of Lucretia, associate of Brutus in driving out the Tarquins and his colleague in the first consulship (509), III, 40. Comedy; _see_ Old Comedy. Concealment, of guilt, III, 37-39. Conon, famous Athenian admiral, defeated by Lysander at Aegospotami (405), victorious over Pisander of Sparta at Cnidus (394), restored the long walls, I, 116.