Lucullus, Lucius Licinius (110-56), surnamed Ponticus for his victories over Mithradates (84-66); famed for his wealth and magnificence, I, 140; for the splendour of his aedileship with his brother Marcus (79), II, 57; with him prosecuted Servilius to avenge their father whom he had accused of bribery and corruption, II, 50; patron of letters, especially of the poet Archias. Lucullus, Marcus Licinius, associated with his brother Lucius (_q.v._), II, 50, 57; soldier and orator. Lusitania, western Spain, practically modern Portugal, II, 40. Lutatius; _see_ Catulus. Luxury, a vice, I, 92, 106, 123. Lycurgus (9th century), the famous lawgiver of Sparta, author (?) of the Spartan constitution, I, 76. Lydia, the central country of western Asia Minor, III, 38. Lysander, the Spartan admiral who defeated the Athenians at Aegospotami (405), received the capitulation of Athens (404), established the Thirty Tyrants (403), and gave Sparta her leadership, I, 76, 109. Lysander, the ephor (241), a descendant of the admiral, a friend of King Agis (_q.v._), sought to bring about agrarian reforms based upon the constitution of Lycurgus; for this he was banished, II, 80. Lysis, of Tarentum, a Pythagorean; expelled from Italy, he came to Thebes and taught Epaminondas, I, 155. Macedonia, until the time of Philip a small country north of Thessaly, I, 37. Macedonians, the people of Macedon, I, 90; II, 53; deserted to Pyrrhus, II, 26; Paulus and their wealth, II, 76. Maelius, Quintus, tribune (321), more probably tribune-elect, as tribunes could not leave the city, III, 109. Magnificence, in the home, I, 140. Mamercus; Aemilius Lepidus Mamercus Livianus, a kinsman of Caesar; though defeated once, II, 58, he was later (77) consul. Mancia, Quintus Mucius, unknown, I, 109. Mancinus, Gaius Hostilius; in his consulship (137) he was defeated by the Numantines; his delivery to the enemy, III, 109. Manlius; Aulus Manlius Capitolinus, father of Lucius (_q.v._), III, 112. Manlius; Lucius Manlius Capitolinus Imperiosus; named dictator to mark the year (363), he used his office to engage in a war; that he transgressed but a "few days" was due to the intervention of the tribunes, III, 112. Manlius; Titus Manlius Imperiosus Torquatus, his son, a famous hero of Roman story; as consul at the time of the battle on the Veseris he executed his own son for disobeying orders, though the disobedience won the _spolia opima_, III, 112. Marathon, a plain about twenty miles north of Athens where (490) Miltiades and his ten thousand defeated the hosts of Darius, I, 61. Marcellus, Marcus Claudius, campaigned against Hannibal in Italy, took Syracuse (212), five times consul, a brave but cruel soldier, over-praised by the Romans, I, 61. Marcus; _see_ Cicero--Marcus Tullius, the son. Marcius; _see_ Philippus.