Promises, non-fulfilment sometimes a duty, I, 32; III, 92-95; sacred though given to an enemy, I, 39-40. Property, private, how obtained, I, 92; rights of, I, 21; II, 73-79, 85; III, 53; public, rights of, I, 21, 51. Propriety, defined, I, 96; its relations to the Cardinal Virtues, I, 93-100; poetic, I, 97; moral, I, 98-99; conduct in accord with personal endowment, I, 110-117; in choosing a career, I, 115-121; in outward appearance, I, 130; in inward self-control, I, 131-132; in speech, I, 132 fg.; in the home, I, 138-140. Propylaea, the magnificent gateway to the Acropolis of Athens, built (437-431) by Pericles and Mnesicles at a cost of £500,000, II, 60. Prosecution, II, 49; to be rarely undertaken, II, 50; a public service, II, 50. Prudence; _see_ Wisdom. Ptolemy, Philadelphus (309-247), king of Egypt, patron of art and letters, had the Bible translated; vastly rich, II, 82. Public Lands, private occupation to be maintained, I, 21. Public Service, as a career, I, 70 fg.; as a duty, I, 72; as an honour, I, 73; free from partisanship, I, 85-86; self-seeking, I, 87; vindictiveness, I, 88; anger, I, 89; guided by wisdom, I, 155-156. Public shows, extravagant expenditures, II, 55-60; expected of an aedile, II, 57-60. Pulcher, Gaius Claudius, son of Appius, aedile (99), II, 57; consul (92). Punic Wars; _see_ Carthage. Pyrrho, of Elis (fourth century), founder of the school of the Sceptics; held that virtue is the only good, that truth and knowledge are unattainable; his ethical theories rejected, I, 6. Pyrrhus (318-272), king of Epirus, descended from Achilles and Aeacus, I, 38; a daring soldier and a gallant enemy, I, 38; a career of adventure and conquest, I, 38; III, 86; invaded Italy (280-275); the story of the poisoner, I, 40; III, 86; (_see also_ Fabricius); invaded Macedonia (273) and the enemy's troops joined him, II, 26; killed in Argos (272). Pythagorean, a follower of Pythagoras or member of his secret fraternity, I, 155; III, 45. Pythagoras, of Samos (sixth century), studied in the Orient, great mathematician; moral and religious teacher; serious, ascetic, I, 108; taught transmigration of souls; founded a secret brotherhood of ideal friendship, I, 56; asceticism was the rule of practice, with deep meditation and lofty aspiration. Pythian, epithet of Apollo, from Pytho, another name for Delphi, II, 77. Pythius, of Syracuse, his dishonesty, III, 58. Quirinus, the Sabine name for the deified Romulus, III, 41. Recklessness, to be avoided, I, 81, 83. Regulus, Marcus Atilius, a favourite hero of old Rome; consul (267 and 256), annihilated the Carthaginian fleet, took many towns, was finally (255) defeated and taken prisoner, I, 39; III, 99; his famous embassy and the ethics of his conduct, III, 99-115.