Phoenissae, the Phoenician Women, a tragedy of Euripides dealing with the war of the Seven against Thebes, III, 82. Picenum, state of north-east Italy, on the Adriatic, III, 74. Pinthia, Marcus Lutatius, unknown, III, 77. Piraeus, the great, landlocked harbour of Athens, about five miles from the city, III, 46. Piso; Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi, so surnamed for his integrity; author and statesman; tribune (149); law against extortion, II, 75; consul (133). Plaetorian Law, enacted (192), III, 61. Plataea, the heroic little city at the foot of Mount Cithaeron in Boeotia; alone with Athens at Marathon (490); the scene of the final defeat of the Persians in Hellas (479), I, 61. Plato (429-347), pupil and friend of Socrates, profound philosopher and brilliant author, I, 22, 63; ideal statesman, I, 85, 87; might have been a great orator, I, 4; founder of the Academy (_q.v._); a great teacher, I, 155; often quoted by Cicero, I, 15 22, 28, 63, 64, 85, 87; III, 38, 39. Plautus, Titus Maccius (254-184), the greatest of Rome's comic poets; rich in wit, I, 104. Po, the great river of Cisalpine Gaul, III, 88. Poeni; _see_ Carthaginians. Polybius, of Megalopolis (204-122), president of the Achaean League, detained at Rome in the house of Aemilius Paulus; friend of Scipio Aemilianus and Laelius; author of a history of Rome, III, 113. Pompey; Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (106-48), warrior, I, 76; (II, 20;) politician, the enemy of Caesar, the idol of Cicero, II, 2; conquered the pirates, Sertorians, Mithradates, Judaea, I, 78; triumvir; married Julia, III, 82; adorned Rome with great buildings, II, 60; magnificent shows, II, 57; defeated at Pharsalus (48), II, 45. Pompey; Quintus Pompeius Rufus, consul (141); as commander in the war with Numantia (140) made the unfortunate peace, III, 109. Pompey, Sextus, cousin of Pompey the Great, Stoic, scholar, geometrician, I, 19. Pomponius, Marcus, tribune (363); accuser of Lucius Manlius, III, 112. Pontius, Gaius, the Samnite general, victor at the Caudine Forks (321), II, 75; faithlessly treated, defeated (292), and executed in Rome. Poor, services to the, II, 61 fg.; their gratitude, II, 63, 69-71. Popilius [Marcus Popilius Laenas, as consul (172) campaigning in Liguria, I, 36]. Popular esteem, a means to glory, II, 31; how gained, II, 44 fg. Posidonius, of Apamea (135-51), a Stoic, disciple of Panaetius at Athens, III, 8; established a school at Rhodes where Cicero studied under him; later he lived with Cicero in Rome; author of many works, I, 159; III, 10. Postumius; Spurius Postumius Albinus, defeated in his second consulship (321) at the Caudine Forks, III, 109. Prodicus, of Ceos (fifth century), a respected sophist; his "Choice of Hercules," I, 118. Profession; _see_ Vocation.