Battles -- United States; United States -- History, Military -- To 1900
Lee was drawn on by the success of the first day to fight again on the
second; his success on the second induced him to try for the third
time; but he had exhausted his good-fortune. At earliest dawn of July
3, 1863, began a wrestle for the possession of Culp’s Hill, Ewell
heavily reinforcing the Stonewall division which had won footing there
the night before, and the Twelfth Corps as stubbornly struggling for
the ground it had lost. It was a fight of six hours, in which the
extreme northern wings of the two armies only were concerned. The
Federals won, at a heavy sacrifice of life.
[Illustration: POSITION, JULY 3, IN THE EARLY AFTERNOON]
Elsewhere the armies rested, an ominous silence at last reigning on the
trampled and bloody field under the mid-day sun. Meade and his soldiers
knew that it portended danger, and with a sure intuition the army chief
was watching with especial care the centre, as yet unassailed. On the
Confederate side, the unhappy Longstreet, at odds with his chief as
to the wisdom of the campaign from the start, and disapproving both
its strategy and tactics, was now in deeper gloom than ever. Lee had
determined to assault the Federal centre, and by a cruel turn of fate
the blow must be struck by the reluctant Longstreet. Of the three great
Confederate corps, it was only in Longstreet’s that a force remained
as yet unwrung by the fearful agonies of the last two days. Pickett’s
division, solidly Virginian, and in the eyes of Lee a Tenth Legion in
its valor, as yet had done nothing, and was to bear the brunt of the
attack. “What troops do you design for the assault?” Longstreet had
asked. Lee, having indicated Pickett’s division of five thousand, with
auxiliary divisions, making an entire number in the charging column of
fifteen thousand, the Georgian burst out: “I have been a soldier from
the ground up. I have been with soldiers engaged in fights by couples,
by squads, companies, regiments, armies, and should know as well as any
one what soldiers can do. It is my opinion that no fifteen thousand men
ever arrayed for battle can take that position.”[263]
But Lee was unmoved. Confident of success, he despatched Stuart,
arrived at last after his raid, so long and futile, around beyond
the Federal right. When the Union centre should be broken and Meade
thrown into retreat, Stuart was to seize its only practicable route for
retreat, the Baltimore pike, and make the defeat decisive.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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