Deductions from the World WarFreytag-Loringhoven, Hugo Friedrich Philipp Johann, Freiherr von
History
Deductions from the World War
Freytag-Loringhoven, Hugo Friedrich Philipp Johann, Freiherr von
Germany. Heer; War; World War, 1914-1918
Fortunately it was not to happen that the "mechanical heads" should
triumph once again in the Prussian army, as Scharnhorst had feared.
The conditions had been completely altered since 1806. The
introduction of universal service entailed on the officer educational
duties which had not fallen to him in the old army. Also, although
the army did not have an opportunity of gaining new experience of war
on a large scale, the dangerous tendencies with which it had become
infected were none the less successfully overcome. In this
connection valuable service was rendered by the Prince of Prussia.
His clear understanding in regard to military matters enabled him to
form a very just estimate of the limits within which a rational
training by means of drill ought to be confined, and this at a time
when a one-sided training, with a view principally to the
requirements of parades, seemed still to be completely in the
ascendent. In notes which he made in the year 1840,[8] the Prince
laid down principles which still hold good at the present day. He
wrote: "The sole purpose of the drilling-ground is, in my opinion, to
achieve order. If the spirit of order exists in a troop, it is
possible to do anything with it; without order nothing is possible."
The parade step, and the preparatory practice for it, the Prince held
to be indispensable, "if," he says, "we are to have troops and not a
mere assembled mob." Thus the Prince assigned to the parade the
importance which properly belongs to it, and to which it can justly
lay claim even at the present day. A very careful training by means
of drill is an indispensable preparation. Therefore, in the same
notes, the Prince says further in regard to drill: "Uniformity is
indispensable. Why should one be permitted to do his task well, and
another to do it badly? ... Either we intend to have a trained troop
or else a mob of undisciplined men. That is a point which must be
settled." Further he says that the objectionable term "Trillen" is
constantly applied to what is really no more than soldierly
discipline, as opposed to rustic clownishness. The future Emperor
expressed very finely his firm and unshakable confidence in the
efficiency of the army for purposes of war when he said that
suspicions ought not to be entertained concerning the spirit of the
army merely because, in addition to its actual achievements, it
presented a handsome outward appearance. "Any one who has had to do
with the army for twenty years will have only one opinion on this
head, namely, that the spirit and the will of the army are above all
praise, and that such an _esprit de corps_ exists in it as never
before."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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