Deficiency and Delinquency: An Interpretation of Mental TestingMiner, James Burt
Science
Deficiency and Delinquency: An Interpretation of Mental Testing
Miner, James Burt
Children with mental disabilities; Juvenile delinquents; Mentally ill offenders; Psychological tests
“It seems to me that there is considerable evidence that there are a
good many children that develop at a normal rate up to a certain age
and then slow down; some slowing down gradually and others rapidly.
This is possibly accounted for by accidental conditions. Dr. Healy's
case of traumatic feeble-mindedness is a good illustration of this.
We have quite a good many cases, not a large percentage as yet,
where it is pretty clear that they have developed very nearly
normally up to the age of seven, eight or nine, so that I am very
skeptical as to the possibility of formulating a rule for
determining the rate of development. Many cases are uniform in
slowness while others vary a great deal; some slow up more rapidly
than others as has already been stated....
“Morons are not usually discovered until twelve or fourteen years of
age. The picture to me of the development of the feeble-minded is
rather that these different types develop each in his own way very
much as the physical side develops. Different families have
different determiners of development. Just as it was determined
before I was born that I should be five feet, ten inches tall, I
developed that height and no further. In the same way, probably,
that determiner carries with it the determination of the rate of
development and the time. This carries with it the fact that I
should have been an average boy from birth. As a matter of fact I
was very much under-size until I was fifteen or sixteen years of
age. Then I shot up. Other cases are over-size. It may be a false
analogy, but it seems to me to illustrate the rate at which these
cases develop” (_111_).
This view raises clearly the question how far the curve of average
development represents a common tendency of different individuals in
development. Are the individual curves of development so varied in form
that an average curve does nothing but obscure their significance? The
study of individual curves of growth in height and weight by Baldwin
indicates that the bigger children tend to develop earlier, the smaller
later (_73_). The individual curves of mental development may be
analogous. If so, the average curves may not adequately represent the
common tendencies of development. Nevertheless, it is to be remembered
that with height and weight the average curves do retain a decided
usefulness, which nobody, I suppose, would seriously question.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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