_The Social Assistance Group._ Passing now to the next higher group of deficients, those needing special training in order to get along with social assistance, the estimates have been based almost entirely upon the study of school children. Francis Warner was the moving spirit in the early investigations in Great Britain, which were made without tests from 1888 to 1894. The census which he directed included about 100,000 school children who passed in review before medical examiners. As cited by Tredgold (_204_) the estimate growing out of this work was that 1.26% of the school population should have instruction in special classes. Of these 0.28% required special instruction because of physical defects only (_204_). About the same time Will S. Monroe (_155_) on the basis of a questionnaire sent to California teachers, who reported on 10,842 school children, found that they estimated 1,054 of these as mentally dull in school, 268 feebly gifted mentally, and 6 imbeciles and idiots. He summarized his conclusion as follows: “A long experience teaches that every school of fifty pupils has at least one child that can be better and more economically trained in the special institutions than in the public schools.” In his estimate of 2% he was probably thinking of care in special local schools and not permanent isolation. A government inquiry of school teachers in Switzerland, who had charge of 490,252 school children, reported that 1.2% were so feeble mentally as to need training in special classes. Only about a tenth of this number were then being instructed in separate classes (_181_, p. 17).