In 1914 Pearson cites estimates of mentally defective children in several cities by teachers and medical officers based upon the recommendation of elementary school children for special schools and classes. These were, for London: boys, 1.59%; girls, 1.09%. For Liverpool: boys, 0.827%; girls, 0.618%. The corresponding figure for both sexes in Stockholm is 1.23%. He concludes that “something between 1% and 2% is true for England. Dr. James Kerr, Medical Research Officer, thinks that the final estimate will be nearer the latter value.” After giving a table of the percentages at each age in the elementary schools of Stockholm, Pearson says: “Judged from this table it would seem that the most reasonable estimate of the prevalence of mental defect is to be formed when all the mental defectives have been definitely selected and the normal children have not yet begun to leave school, _i. e._, at the ages 11 and 12. For Stockholm this leads up to a mentally defective percentage of about 1.5” (_167_, p. 6-8). In another place he says that the members of special classes are selected practically for the same reason, _i. e._, because they are school inefficients, the bulk of whom will, no doubt, unless provided for become “social inefficients” (_164_, p. 48). Since some were not selected because of intellectual deficiency, our social assistance group should be somewhat smaller. In 1909-10 the actual number in the schools for mental defectives maintained by the London County Council was 0.9% of the enrollment of the London elementary Schools (_143_). The 1912 report of the London County Council shows 7357 children enrolled in its local schools for mental defectives, which is 1.1% of the average attendance from 1912-1913 in the elementary county council schools and voluntary schools of London (_144_, p. 44). Following a discussion in the Australian Medical Congress of 1911 the Minister of Public Instruction called for returns as to the number of feeble-minded in the Australian public elementary schools between 5½ and 14 years of age inclusive. The questionnaire used the definitions of the British Royal Commission as a description of the various degrees of retardation and brought returns from 2,241 of the state schools, all except 57. For their average attendance of 175,000 children, these teachers classified 1.9% as backward from accidental causes, 2% mentally dull, 0.42% feeble-minded imbeciles or idiots, and 0.6% epileptics. To this would be added 0.19% for children in the idiot asylums. The report states that “the teachers' estimates will thus be realized to be an absolute minimum, dealing only with the intermediate grades, and not including the gross cases (idiots, etc.) on the one hand and the less marked high grades of feeble-minded on the other” (_70_).