Deficiency and Delinquency: An Interpretation of Mental TestingMiner, James Burt
Science
Deficiency and Delinquency: An Interpretation of Mental Testing
Miner, James Burt
Children with mental disabilities; Juvenile delinquents; Mentally ill offenders; Psychological tests
In concluding this summary on the estimates of the frequency of
feeble-mindedness, it need only be added that so far as concerns the use
of the percentage definition for fixing the borderline in any particular
system of tests the percentages chosen are not essential to the plan.
The principles of the method apply whatever percentages might be
adopted. For such important purposes as the comparison of the relative
frequency of deficiency in different social groups and harmonizing the
investigations with different mental scales, agreement upon a particular
percentage is not essential. In diagnosis, of course, it is a matter of
fundamental importance in order that injustice may not be done
individuals. For this reason the estimate should be conservative,
possibly more conservative even than our tentative 0.5% at 15 years of
age. Any investigator who disagrees with the above estimates of the
degree of tested deficiency justifying isolation may substitute X per
cent. with a doubtful region extending Y per cent. further. Provided
such a census were legally authorized and funds available it would be
not impossible to get a reliable determination by a house to house
canvass showing the number of adult deficients, say 21 years of age, in
typical communities, who were not able to survive socially without
assistance. This number would then give the key for a conservative
percentage and the movement for early care would be immensely advanced.
With the recent introduction of psychological tests into the cantonments
of the national army, the goal of symptomatic borderlines as determined
by objective tests seems to be almost at hand. Since the men are brought
practically at random to the camps by the draft and are under military
command, it may be possible to find out the social history of a large
enough group at the lower limit of tested ability to establish the
question of the necessary capacity for independent moral and social
survival. These borderlines could then be transferred from the army
tests to positions of equivalent difficulty in other test systems.
The remainder of this study will show some of the advantages of the
percentage definition for fixing the borderlines with a system of tests
and the result of applying such an interpretation to the particular
problem of delinquency. The advantage in increased definiteness should
already be evident. When a person is classed as presumably deficient it
will mean that he is in the lowest 0.5% in intellectual development or
within the lowest 1.5%, if he is a persistent delinquent.
-----
Footnote 5:
Aaron J. Rosanoff. Survey of Mental Disorders in Nassau County, New
York. Publication No. 9, National Committee for Mental Hygiene, 1917.
Footnote 6:
Emma O. Lundberg. A Social Study of Mental Defectives in New Castle
County Delaware. U. S. Dept. of Labor, Children's Bureau, Publication
No. 24, 1917, pp. 38.
Footnote 7:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account