Definitions: Essays in Contemporary Criticism [First Series]Canby, Henry Seidel
History
Definitions: Essays in Contemporary Criticism [First Series]
Canby, Henry Seidel
American literature -- 20th century -- History and criticism; Criticism; English fiction -- History and criticism
Freedom. That is the word here, and also in his method of telling
these stories. No one seems to have said to Tchekoff, "Your
stories must move, move, move." Sometimes, indeed, he pauses
outright, as life pauses; sometimes he seems to turn aside, as
life turns aside before its progress is resumed. No one has ever
made clear to him that every word from the first of the story must
point unerringly toward the solution and the effect of the plot.
His paragraphs spring from the characters and the situation. They
are led on to the climax by the story itself. They do not drag the
panting reader down a rapid action, to fling him breathless upon
the "I told you so" of a conclusion prepared in advance.
I have in mind especially a story of Tchekoff's called "The Night
Before Easter." It is a very interesting story; it is a very
admirable story, conveying in a few pages much of Russian
spirituality and more of universal human nature; but I believe
that all, or nearly all, of our American magazines would refuse
it; not because it lacks picturesqueness, or narrative suspense,
or vivid characterization--all of these it has in large measure.
They would reject it because it does not seem to move rapidly, or
because it lacks a vigorous climax. The Goltva swollen in flood
lies under the Easter stars. As the monk Jerome ferries the
traveler over to where fire and cannon-shot and rocket announce
the rising of Christ to the riotous monastery, he asks, "Can you
tell me, kind master, why it is that even in the presence of great
happiness a man cannot forget his grief?" Deacon Nicholas is dead,
who alone in the monastery could write prayers that touched the
heart. And of them all, only Jerome read his "akaphists." "He used
to open the door of his cell and make me sit by him, and we used
to read....His face was compassionate and tender--" In the
monastery the countryside is crowding to hear the Easter service.
The choir sings "Lift up thine eyes, O Zion, and behold." But
Nicholas is dead, and there is none to penetrate the meaning of
the Easter canon, except Jerome who toils all night on the ferry
because they had forgotten him. In the morning, the traveler
recrosses the Goltva. Jerome is still on the ferry. He rests his
dim, timid eyes upon them all, and then fixes his gaze on the rosy
face of a merchant's wife. There is little of the man in that long
gaze. He is seeking in the woman's face the sweet and gentle
features of his lost friend.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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