Demobilization : $b our industrial and military demobilization after the armistice, 1918-1920Crowell, Benedict
History
Demobilization : $b our industrial and military demobilization after the armistice, 1918-1920
Crowell, Benedict
United States. Army. American Expeditionary Forces -- Demobilization; World War, 1914-1918 -- United States
At once a great wave of homesickness spread over the A. E. F. That song
of careless valor, “Where do we go from here?” to the swinging beat of
which a million men had marched forward over the French roads, became
a querulous “When do we go home?” When indeed? It had taken nearly a
year and a half to transport the A. E. F. to France. Disregarding the
fact that the Army overseas had at its disposal less than half as many
troopships as had supported it up to November 11, before the men could
start home in great numbers there had first to be created in France
an embarkation system with a capacious equipment of camps and port
buildings, if the expedition were to return in good order and not as a
disorganized mob.
Never was a daily journal scanned with such emotion as was the _Stars
and Stripes_ by its readers during this period of waiting. The _Stars
and Stripes_ was the official newspaper of the enlisted men of the
A. E. F. After the armistice anything pertaining to the return of the
troops to America was the most important news which the publication
could possibly print. The _Stars and Stripes_ published the monthly
schedules of transport sailings, told of the extraordinary expansion
of the Yankee transport fleet, noted the continual improvement in
the shipping efficiency of that fleet, rejoiced in black-face type
when some ocean flyer broke the record for the turn-around, as the
round trip to America and back was called, and in general kept the
_personnel_ of the expedition informed of the movement homeward. But,
although the return of the A. E. F. was a transportation feat actually
more astonishing than that which had placed the forces in Europe, yet
to the hundreds of thousands of homesick boys who watched the brown
fields of France turn green in the spring of 1919, the pace of the
snail and the turtle seemed speed itself in comparison to the progress
made by the demobilization machine.
The A. E. F. in November, 1918, possessed no port equipment capable
of quick conversion into a plant for embarking the expedition. There
had been no need of large port installations in France for the use of
debarking troops. The A. E. F. had crossed to France under a scheme of
identification that was a marvel of system and organization. Once the
system was perfected, every military unit bore as part of its name a
so-called item number that told the debarkation officers (by reference
to the shipping schedules) exactly where each unit should go upon
arrival. So it was with individuals and small detachments traveling
as casuals. Their item numbers placed them instantly in the great
structure of the A. E. F. No need for vast port rest camps in which
thousands must wait until G. H. Q. disposed of them. They were placed
before they sailed from America. Expense and confusion saved by the art
of management!
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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