Demobilization : $b our industrial and military demobilization after the armistice, 1918-1920Crowell, Benedict
History
Demobilization : $b our industrial and military demobilization after the armistice, 1918-1920
Crowell, Benedict
United States. Army. American Expeditionary Forces -- Demobilization; World War, 1914-1918 -- United States
This was the proposition extended to the manufacturer when the
Government proposed to him the voluntary termination of his contract.
Most of the contractors received the terms favorably: they did not
wish to collect money for work not done, even though theirs was the
technically legal right to do so. If any producer balked at the
policy, he always had the remedy of seeking his full pound of flesh
in the Court of Claims. However, the slowness of procedure in the
Court of Claims made this a weak remedy; and even if the Court of
Claims finally granted him his exactions, then he must wait for his
money until Congress passed an act appropriating it from the Treasury.
Only recently Congress passed a bill to reimburse the estate of a
long-deceased individual who was wrongfully deprived of a horse during
the Civil War. Such was the prospect which faced the contractor
unwilling to accept the War Department’s terms of settlement. With this
coercive potentiality in the Government’s position, the Government
itself fixed the terms of settlement, at least in broad outline; but
the terms were, in the main, fair to all concerned.
The district boards proved to be able to liquidate most of the
contracts without dispute. From these boards the settlement agreements
went up for approval first to the bureau claims boards and finally to
the War Department Claims Board, with certain exceptions to be noted
later. If agreements could not be reached by the district boards,
appeals could be taken to the bureau boards and, after them, to the
War Department Claims Board. The last-named body designated one of its
members to sit with each bureau board and to exercise the authority of
the War Department Claims Board in approving all settlements after
action by the bureau board. The approval of the special member, acting
in the name of the Secretary of War, constituted the final step in the
settlement, which then passed to the finance officers for payment.
Thus only a few of the 27,000 suspended contracts reached the War
Department Claims Board for detailed consideration. Nearly all of them
came up to the highest authority as agreed-upon settlements, needing
only the approval of the proper special member of the War Department
Claims Board before being embodied within the original contracts as
supplementary agreements. Occasionally questions of fact arose as
to the fidelity of a contractor’s performance under the terms of
his contract. Such questions were carried by appeal, not to the War
Department Claims Board, but to the Department’s Board of Contract
Adjustment, which, it will be remembered, was, by inference, set up as
arbiter of such questions by one of the standard contract provisions.
The Board of Contract Adjustment had other and more important duties in
connection with the industrial liquidation, as will be shown later.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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