Demobilization : $b our industrial and military demobilization after the armistice, 1918-1920Crowell, Benedict
History
Demobilization : $b our industrial and military demobilization after the armistice, 1918-1920
Crowell, Benedict
United States. Army. American Expeditionary Forces -- Demobilization; World War, 1914-1918 -- United States
The demobilization of this industry was accomplished rapidly. Orders
were cut to the bone, merely enough post-armistice production being
allowed to enable the plants to dovetail their war business into the
resumption of their commercial businesses. Since little special-purpose
machinery was required in producing war tractors, the Ordnance
Department created no manufacturing center after the armistice as a
source of future supply. The war left the Army, however, with a number
of engineers who had gained experience in adapting mechanical power to
military uses in the field, and these men are continuing a development
which, doubtless, will in time eliminate the horse from our artillery
regiments.
One of the innovations of the war was the motor-driven mobile repair
shop for repairing artillery in the field. Each shop consisted of
two sections, with fifteen trucks and fourteen trailers in each
section--nearly sixty vehicles to the entire shop. On the trailers were
installed the heavy machine tools, and one trailer of each section was
equipped with an electric generator for light and power. When the shop
was set up for business it presented the spectacle of two rings of
vehicles ranged around the two power plants and hooked up with electric
cables. The manufacturing program, both before and after the armistice,
produced sixteen such shops, consisting of 600 vehicles. Six of these
shops have been stored; ten are in use by the permanent establishments.
In addition, in terminating the contracts the Ordnance Department came
into possession of the unassembled but finished components of eight
additional shops. Thousands of jigs, fixtures, and small tools used in
this manufacturing project have been stored away and catalogued.
Tank production was drastically curtailed immediately after the
armistice. The tank contracts involved the expenditure of $175,000,000.
The total production of 6-ton Renault tanks was limited to 950, of
which sixty-four were produced before the armistice. The contracts with
the Ford Motor Company to build 15,000 3-ton tanks were terminated at
once after the armistice, production being limited to the fifteen trial
machines produced before November 11, 1918. Of the great 36-ton tanks,
Anglo-American design, the Ordnance Department built 100 at Rock Island
Arsenal after the armistice, procuring from the British for the purpose
the hulls and guns. The tank assembly plant at Châteauroux, France,
went to the French Government in the general settlement of 1919 and is
now being used as a car repair shop.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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