Produced by Chuck Greif and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images available at The Internet Archive) DEMOCRACY IN FRANCE. _FOURTH EDITION._ DEMOCRACY IN FRANCE. JANUARY, 1849. BY MONSIEUR GUIZOT. _FOURTH EDITION._ LONDON: JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET. 1849. LONDON: PRINTED BY W. CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET. I venture to believe that nothing will be found in the following pages which bears the impress of my personal situation. While events of such magnitude are passing before his eyes, a man who did not forget himself would deserve to be for ever forgotten. I have thought of nothing but the situation of my country. The more I reflect upon that, the more I am convinced that the evil which lies at the root of all her evils, which undermines and destroys her governments and her liberties, her dignity and her happiness, is the evil which I attack;--the idolatry of Democracy. Whether the accession of M. Louis Napoléon Bonaparte to the Presidency of the Republic will be found an efficacious remedy for this disease, the future will show. What I have said here after the election of M. Louis Napoléon Bonaparte, I should have equally said, without the slightest alteration, if General Cavaignac had been elected. It is not to individuals, but to society itself, that great social truths are addressed. CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. PAGE WHAT IS THE SOURCE OF THE PREVALENT EVIL? 1 CHAPTER II. WHAT IS THE DUTY OF GOVERNMENT WITH RESPECT TO DEMOCRACY? 7 CHAPTER III. OF THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC 15 CHAPTER IV. OF THE SOCIAL REPUBLIC 25 CHAPTER V. WHAT ARE THE REAL AND ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF SOCIETY IN FRANCE? 36 CHAPTER VI. POLITICAL CONDITIONS OF SOCIAL PEACE IN FRANCE 56 CHAPTER VII. MORAL CONDITIONS OF SOCIAL PEACE IN FRANCE 70 CHAPTER VIII. CONCLUSION 84 DEMOCRACY IN FRANCE. CHAPTER I. WHAT IS THE SOURCE OF THE PREVALENT EVIL?