Determination of the Atomic Weight of Cadmium and the Preparation of Certain of Its Sub-Compounds — John Shaqi
Determination of the Atomic Weight of Cadmium and the Preparation of Certain of Its Sub-CompoundsJones, Harry C. (Harry Clary)
Science
Determination of the Atomic Weight of Cadmium and the Preparation of Certain of Its Sub-Compounds
Jones, Harry C. (Harry Clary)
Atomic weights; Cadmium; Thesis (Ph. D.)
Cadmium. Chlorine.
64.27 per cent. 35.61 per cent.
These proportions are nearly those of a compound having the composition
Cd₄Cl₇, in which the calculated percentages are:
Cadmium. Chlorine.
64.34 35.66
(Foot note). In the paper in the American Chemical Journal
XII, 488, which records this work the analyses and
percentages were calculated on the basis of the atomic
weight of cadmium = 111.7. Although my work since this date
has shown that 112.07 is the true value, yet I think it
preferable to use the old number here since the changes to
be introduced would be very slight and the same results are
thereby kept uniform in the two publications.
In order to determine whether the close approximation to definite
atomic proportions might not be accidental, the material was reheated
with an excess of the metal for twenty hours. The product was analyzed.
Amount of chloride used 1.45970 gr.
” ” cadmium found .93904 ”
” ” chlorine ” .52329 ”
Cadmium. Chlorine.
64.33 per cent. 35.85 per cent.
A second preparation of the substance was made in all respects like the
first. Two analyses were made.
First Analysis:
Amount of chloride used .61010 gr.
” ” cadmium found .39235 ”
” ” chlorine ” .21725 ”
Cadmium. Chlorine.
64.31 per cent. 35.61 per cent.
Second Analysis:
Amount of chloride used .20616 gr.
” ” cadmium found .13266 ”
” ” chlorine ” .07352 ”
Cadmium. Chlorine.
64.35 per cent. 35.66 per cent.
A third preparation was made like the first and second and analyzed.
Analysis:
Amount of chloride used .2832 gr.
” ” cadmium found .18244 ”
” ” chlorine ” .10123 ”
Cadmium. Chlorine.
64.42 per cent. 35.74 per cent.
When the new substance is heated it fuses to a red liquid and then
breaks up into metal and the chloride of cadmium. Its reactions are in
general those of a strong reducing agent. Treated with nitric acid,
oxides of nitrogen are liberated. With dilute hydrochloric, sulphuric
and acetic acids it gives free hydrogen. In the presence of dilute
acids it reduces mercuric to mercurous chloride, or to metallic mercury.
Three determinations of the reducing power of the substance were made
with a freshly prepared specimen, by dissolving weighed portions in
hydrochloric acid and measuring the hydrogen liberated.
The following results were obtained:
Hydrogen found. Hydrogen calculated
for Cd₄Cl₇.
1ˢᵗ determination 15.67 c.c. 15.65 c.c.
2ⁿᵈ ” 11.80 c.c. 11.82 c.c.
3ʳᵈ ” 23.00 c.c. 23.03 c.c.
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