Determination of the Atomic Weight of Cadmium and the Preparation of Certain of Its Sub-Compounds — John Shaqi
Determination of the Atomic Weight of Cadmium and the Preparation of Certain of Its Sub-CompoundsJones, Harry C. (Harry Clary)
Science
Determination of the Atomic Weight of Cadmium and the Preparation of Certain of Its Sub-Compounds
Jones, Harry C. (Harry Clary)
Atomic weights; Cadmium; Thesis (Ph. D.)
O = 16. C = 12.003 S = 32.059 At.Wt.Cd.
1ˢᵗ series, CdC₂O₄ : CdO = 12.66368g. : 8.10031g. 111.816.
2ⁿᵈ ” CdSO₄ : CdS = 15.93505g. : 11.02691g. 111.727.
3ʳᵈ ” CdC₂O₄ : CdS = 16.85228g. : 12.12906g. 111.610.
difference, 0.206.
As Clarke has pointed out when those values are chosen for carbon
and sulphur which are founded on the best experimental evidence the
agreement between the different series of results as calculated by
Partridge is somewhat modified.
I have repeated the work on which series I is based and would call
attention to the following points in which it appears to have been
experimentally defective.
1 The metal was only distilled twice in a vacuum. It has
been found in this laboratory that perfectly pure
cadmium or zinc can be prepared only by repeated
distillations, each one being carried on slowly to allow
the impurities to separate by means of their difference
in volatility.
2 The supposed mixture of metal and oxide resulting from
the decomposition of the oxalate was only moistened with
a few drops of nitric acid in order to reoxidize any
reduced metal. Unless the entire mass of metal and oxide
was dissolved there would be danger of the presence of
free undissolved metal which would possess an appreciable
vapor-tension below the temperature of decomposition of
cadmium nitrate. An appreciable loss in weight resulting
from a distillation of the metal out of the crucible might
easily result.
3 It seems very probable that the cadmium nitrate was
not heated sufficiently to remove all traces of the
oxides of nitrogen. I have found that this could only be
accomplished by long continued heating. Constant weight
was not sufficient to have decided this point since it was
also found that this could be reached short of complete
decomposition, if the temperature was too low to remove
the last traces of these oxides. Some very delicate test
for such oxides should have been applied at the end of
each experiment.
The following table contains a summary of the results thus far obtained.
When two values are given for one series of determinations, the first
is calculated from the total material used and the total product found,
the second is an average of the results of the separate experiments.
Oxygen is taken as 16 throughout.
Date. Investigators. At.Wt.Cd.
1818, Stromeyer, 111.483
1857, von Hauer, 111.935 }
111.940 }
1859, Dumas, 112.322 }
112.241 }
1860, Lenssen, 112.043 }
112.067 }
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