_Detection of early cases._--Doctor Joslin, who has done more than anyone else to teach the diabetic people of America how to keep well and strong, urges that everyone have the urine tested annually on his or her birthday. Life insurance examinations, are now fortunately much more frequent than formerly, and reveal numerous early cases of diabetes. Diabetic patients, who have been properly treated, are trained to make the sugar test of the urine. It is the duty of everyone of these to examine the other members of their families at frequent intervals. Why not teach this simple test to the students in the classes in chemistry in our high schools and urge them to keep a watch on the members of their families? Every druggist certainly should be familiar with the test and should be willing to make it on request, for a nominal fee. It makes a great deal of difference whether a patient comes to the doctor early or late. With the better methods of treatment, the earliest cases are being arrested, if not cured. Some of them may be cured. It is still too soon to know. There is little hope of strengthening a severely weakened pancreas, or of accomplishing curative results in patients who have had the disease very long. _Treatment._--The treatment of the patient is based on certain principles which follow logically from the foregoing about the nature of the disease. _Principles guiding treatment._--If diabetes is due, as seems most likely, to the overstrain of a pancreas weak by heredity, the obvious way to manage it is to reduce the strain. This is exactly the same principle that guides us in treating heart disease. Physical rest accomplishes wonders for the heart. Careful dieting does the same for the pancreas. By so arranging the diet that the total amount of sugar, that is, the load on the pancreas, is reduced, we accomplish, first, the disappearance of sugar from the urine, second, its decrease in the blood, third, the control of annoying symptoms, such as excessive urination, excessive thirst, and dryness and itching of the skin. Simultaneously, we give the pancreas a chance to pick up and regain some strength.