Over each screen is spread a layer of bullets to prevent the rich deposit from passing too rapidly through the screens. The jigs themselves are stationary, but from below an intermittent stream of water passes in rapid pulsations with an up and down movement. This pulsation keeps the diamantiferous gravel constantly moving--“alive” is the expressive word used--and tends to sort out the constituents roughly according to their specific gravity, the heavier particles working to the bottom and the lighter material washing off by the flow of water and passing into trucks, whence it is carried to the tailings heap. The heavier portions, by the up and down wash of the water, gradually work their way under the bullets and pass through the screens into pointed boxes, whence the heavy concentrates are drawn off upon endless belts. These convey their precious load to small elevators by means of which the concentrates are lifted into hoppers from which they are fed upon shaking tables. [Illustration: FIG. 9. SORTING CONCENTRATES FOR DIAMONDS. DE BEERS. To face p. 54.] CHAPTER IV COLLECTING THE GEMS The sorting room in the pulsator house is long, narrow, and well lighted (Fig. 9). Here the rich gravel is brought in wet, a sieveful at a time, and is dumped in a heap on tables covered with iron plates. The tables at one end take the coarsest lumps, next comes the gravel which passed the ⅜-inch holes, then the next in order, and so on. The first sorting is done by thoroughly trustworthy white men; for here the danger of robbery is greatest. Sweeping the heap of gravel to the right, the sorter scrapes a little of it to the centre of the table by means of a flat piece of sheet zinc. With this tool he rapidly passes in review the grains, seizes the diamonds and puts them into a little tin box in front of him. The stuff is then swept off to the left and another lot taken, and so on till the sieveful of gravel is exhausted, when another is brought in. The stuff the sorter has passed to his left as temporarily inspected is taken next to another part of the room, where it is again scrutinised by native convicts again and again, and whilst diamonds can be found in quantity sufficient to repay the cost of convict labour, it is passed under examination. The diamond has a peculiar lustre, and on the sorter’s table it is impossible to mistake it for any other stone that may be present. It looks somewhat like clear pieces of gum arabic, with a sort of intrinsic lustre which makes a conspicuous shine among the other stones. AUTOMATIC DIAMOND COLLECTOR