Three explosives of this type passed the Woolwich Test, and were on the old Permitted List for coal mines, namely, Ammonal B, Ripping Ammonal and Saint Helen’s Powder (q. v.). Ripping Ammonal B. Ammonal. Ammonium nitrate 94·5 86 Aluminium 3 8 Charcoal 2·5 2·5 Potassium bichromate -- 3·5 No explosives containing aluminium are on the present Permitted List. =AMMONCAHUECIT=} =CAHUECIT=. } See =AMMONCARBONIT=} =CARBONIT=. =AMMONIAKKRUT= was the first ammonium nitrate explosive. It was invented by J. Ohlsson and J. H. Norrbin, two Swedes, and was protected by English Patent 2766 of 1869. It consisted of ammonium nitrate together with 5 or 10 per cent. of charcoal, coal dust, etc., to which mixture was added 10 to 30 per cent. of nitroglycerine to make it less difficult to detonate. =AMMONITE= is a coal-mine explosive of the Favier type, made by the Miners’ Safety Explosives Co. The original composition, which passed the Woolwich Test was-- Ammonium nitrate 88 Dinitro-naphthalene 12 To pass the more severe Rotherham Test a number of compositions have been made and approved, but some of them have been repealed. Those now on the Permitted List are-- Ammonite Ammonite. Ammonite No. 1. No. 5. _Date of Permit_ 29-8-14 5-11-17 2-8-18 Ammonium nitrate 74·5 73·5 74·5 Dinitro-naphthalene -- 5·5 -- Trinitro-naphthalene -- -- 5 Trinitro-toluene 5 -- -- Sodium chloride 20·5 21 20·5 Limit charge 24 18 26 oz. Power (swing of ballistic pendulum) 2·42 2·44 2·41” Ammonite No. 1 is used on a considerable scale in coal mines. A non-permitted explosive called Ripping Ammonite is also made. *=AMMONPULVER= is a propellant which was used by the Austrians from 1890 to 1896 in guns of various calibres-- Ammonium nitrate 80-90 Charcoal 10-20 It was superseded by a powder of the ballistite type, but has been reintroduced recently by the Germans to replace a part of the charge of nitrocellulose powder in their field gun. The advantages claimed for it are small erosion of the gun, absence of muzzle flame, chemical stability, and cheapness. On the other hand, it gives high pressures, and if used by itself requires a gun with a specially large chamber; but the most serious objection to it is that on keeping, physical changes take place in the pellets, leading to the production of very high pressures. It is said that moisture promotes these changes. See also Amide Powder. =AMVIS.=--A coal-mine explosive formerly on the Permitted List--