_The conditional is formed from the future indicative by changing the _ǒ_ to _Aba_; e.g., _Yomaba_; _Tataba_.[33] The preterit is formed by adding _Raba_ to the indicative preterit; e.g., _Yôdaraba_; _Tattaraba_.[34]_ _The preterit participle is formed from the preterit by changing the _A_ to _E_; e.g., _Yôde_; _Kite_; _Tatte_. The present participle, in _Te_, is formed by adding _Te_ ['hand'] to the root of any verb. This is properly a substantive and thus governs the genitive as do the other substantives. It does not indicate tense; e.g., _Yomite_; _Cakite_; _Machite_, etc._ _The negative present can be formed in two ways. The first, and that which accords with the rules for _Canadzucai_, is formed by changing _I_ of the root to _Anu_ or _Azu_; e.g., _Corobi, corobanu, corobazu_; _Yomi, yomanu_, etc.; _Coghi, coghanu_; _Caki, cacanu_;[35] _Kiri, kiranu_; _ini, inanu_. Those ending in _Chi_ change to _Tanu_; e.g., _Tachi, tatanu_. Those ending in _Xi_ change to _Sanu_; e.g., _Fanasanu_. Another formation common to all is made with the future indicative by changing _ǒ_ to _Anu_ or _Azu_; e.g., _Corobǒ, corobanu, corobazu_; _Yomǒ, yomanu_, etc.; _Coghǒ, coghanu_; _Cakǒ, cakanu_; _Kirǒ, kiranu_; _Inǒ, inanu_; _Tatǒ, tatanu_; _Matǒ, matanu_; _Fanasǒ, fanasanu_. This rule is common to all three conjugations by changing the affirmative future indicative _ǒ_ to _Anu_ and the _ô_ {25} and _û_ to _Nu_ or _Zu_;[36] e.g., _Todomeô, todomenu, todomezu_; _Saxeô, saxenu_, etc.; _Tateô, tatenu_; _Miû, minu_; _Yomǒ, yomanu_; _Tatǒ, tatanu_; _Fanasǒ, fanasanu_; _Narauǒ, narananu_; _Vomouǒ, vomouanu_; _Furuuo, furuuanu_. For the second conjugation preterit, those in _Nu_ are changed to _Nanda_: e.g., _Yomananda_. For the preterit participle _Da_ is changed to _De_; e.g., _Yomanande_. For the second form of the negative participle, the _Nu_ is changed to _Ide_; e.g., _Yomaide, Corobaide_, _Tataide_, _Totonouaide_. For the future the particle _majij_[37] or _mai_ is added to the affirmative present indicative; e.g., _Yomumajij, yomumai_; _Matçumajij, matçumai_._ FORMATION OF THE THIRD CONJUGATION AND THE ROOTS FROM WHICH THE TENSES ARE FORMED _The final syllables of the third conjugation are the diphthongs _Ai_, _Oi_, _Vi_. By these syllables the verbs are known to belong to this conjugation, and from them the tenses are formed. The present indicative is formed by changing _Ai_ to _ǒ_, _Oi_ to _ô_, and _Vi_ to _û_; e.g., _Narai, narǒ_; _Vomoi, vomô_; _furui, furû_. The preterit is formed by adding the syllable _Ta_ to the present; e.g., _Narǒta_, _Vomôta_, _Furûta_. The future is formed by changing the final _I_ of the root to _Vǒ, vǒzu, vǒzuru_; e.g., _Narauǒ, narauǒzu_, etc.; _Vomouǒ, vomouǒzu_, etc.; _Furuuǒ, furuuǒzu_, etc. The present imperative is formed by changing the final _I_ to _Ye_; e.g., _Naraye_, _Vomoye_, _Furuye_._