Diego Collado's Grammar of the Japanese LanguageCollado, Diego
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Diego Collado's Grammar of the Japanese Language
Collado, Diego
Japanese language -- Grammar
The particle _maraxi_ [_mairaxi_][120] is able to elevate to honor the
particle _rare_; e.g., _tono iori cono coto vo Padre ni
vataximairaxerareta_ 'the lord gave it to the priest.'
_Certain Verbs Which of Themselves Indicate Honor_[121]
_Mesare,uru_ indicates any act which can be done, or which is properly done
by a noble person (_persona nobilis_). This includes such things as eating,
drinking, sailing, riding a horse, etc. _Vôxerare,uru_ means that a noble
person speaks. _Vomaraxi,uru_ and _vomaraxi ari,u_ mean that a noble person
gives. _Voxe,uru_ [_Vôxe,uru_] and _vôxe ari,u_ mean that a middling person
(_persona mediocris_) says or declares.
Verbs preceded by _vôxe_ or _mexi_ are given the same degree of honor by
either; e.g., _vôxe tçuqerare,uru_ 'I declare,' _mexi tçucavare,uru_ 'I
serve,' which have the same meanings as _tçuqerare,uru_ and
_tçucavare,uru_. To call someone we use _coi_ with an inferior, with
someone not quite as inferior we use _iorai_, with someone a little better
we use _vaxei_, while _vogiare_ is the superior way to call. _Gozare_,
which means that your Lordship should come, and _gozarǒ_ in the future
tense are even more honorable ways to indicate the imperative. _Voide
nasarei_, _voide nasareô_, or _voide nasarei caxi_ mean 'might your
Lordship come,' or 'Oh! would that your Lordship come.' _Cudasare,uru_
means that a noble person gives. _Tamavari,u_ means that a noble person
gives to an inferior. _Tamóri,u_ means that a middling person gives. _Mizzu
vo nomaxete tamǒre_ 'Give me a drink of water.' _Cudasare,uru_ and
_tamóri,u_ mean {148} that a humble person eats honoring his food.
_Coximexi,u_ and _qicoximexi,u_ mean that a noble person eats and hears.
_Voboximexi,u_ and _voboximesare,uru_ mean that a noble person thinks.
_Saxerare,uru_ means that a noble person does. _Nasare,uru_, _asobaxi,u_,
and _asobasare,iuru_ [_asobasare,uru_] mean that a noble person does what
is proper to him such as hunting, writing, reading, or reciting. _Ii,ú_ is
used when the person addressed is humbler than the person or thing spoken
to; (42 and _mexi,u_ [_móxi,u_] means the person or the thing spoken to is
addressed with honor. Therefore I would be incorrect were I to say _mi ni
móxe_ 'tell me!' I should rather say _mi ni iie_. I should not say _tono ni
iie_ 'tell it to the lord,' but rather _tono ni móxe_. _Mairi,u_ means to
go to a place to which honor should be shown; e.g., _iglesia ie maire_ 'go
to church!' _Cure,uru_ and _toraxe,uru_ mean to give in a way that humbles
the person to whom the thing is given. _Cui,ú_ means 'to eat' without
showing respect (_respectus_); _mexi,u_ also means 'to eat' but it is
cultivated (_urbanum_); e.g., in addressing those deserving respect I will
not say _mexi vo cui maraxita_ but rather _mexi vo tabe maraxita_ 'I ate.'
_Mairi,u_ or _vomairari,u_ [_vomairi ari,u_] means that a middling person
eats, while _agaraxerare,uru_ and _voagari ari,u_ are nobler ways to say
this.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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