Diego Collado's Grammar of the Japanese LanguageCollado, Diego
History
Diego Collado's Grammar of the Japanese Language
Collado, Diego
Japanese language -- Grammar
Sometimes this change is in the first part, sometimes in the
second, and at other times in both. This is particularly true with the
first, second, third, sixth, tenth, and one hundredth numbers. With the
items below, if nothing is noted, it is an indication that nothing is
changed.
When asking about men one says _icutari?_ 'how many men?' The response is
made by adding _nin_ to the Chinese numeral; e.g., _ichi nin_ 'one man,'
_ni nin_ 'two men,' _iottari_ 'four men'; this is because _xinin_ means
'dead person.'
When asking about days one says _icca_ 'how many days?' The response is _fi
fitoi_,[192] because _ichi nichi_ means 'one entire solar day,' _futçuca_
'two days,' _micca_ 'three days,' _iocca_ 'four days,' _itçuca_ 'five
days,' _muica_ 'six days,' _nanuca_ 'seven days,' _iǒca_ 'eight days,'
_coconoca_ 'nine days,' _toca_[193] 'ten days,' _fatçuca_ 'twenty days.'
The remaining days are counted with _coie_ numerals.
When counting nights _ia_ is added to the _coie_ numerals; e.g., _ichi ia_
'one night,' _ni ia_ 'two nights,' etc. It is also possible to add _io_
which means 'night' in Japanese to the _iomi_ numeral; e.g., _icu io_ 'how
many nights?' _futa io_ 'two nights,' _nana io_ 'seven nights,' etc.
When enumerating the months of the year _guat_ is added to the _coie_
numeral, with the exception that the first month is called _xóguat_. The
second is _niguat_, the third is _saguat_,[194] the fourth is _xiguat_, the
eleventh is _ximotçuqi_, and the twelfth and last is _xi vasu_. When
counting months the _tçu_ is removed from the _iomi_ numeral and the word
_tçuqi_, which means 'month,' is added. _Icutçuqi?_ means 'how many
months.' In response one says _fitotçuqi_ 'one month,' up to ten which is
_totçuqi_, and from there on one counts with _coie_ numerals; e.g.,
_júichiguat_ 'eleven months.' If one wants to ask what month it is, {177}
January, February, one says _nanguat_. The first month of the (69 Japanese
year is March.
In the enumeration of the years _nen_ is placed after the _coie_ numeral.
In asking how many, _nen_ [_nan_] is placed before _nen_; e.g., _nannen_
'how many years?' In response one says _ichinen_ 'one year,' _ionen_ 'four
years,' _sanganen_ 'three years,' _sǒ ionen_[195] 'three or four years,'
_sǒ xijúnen_ 'thirty or forty years,' _fatachi_ means 'twenty years of
age,' as does _nijǔnen_, _nijǔ no toxi_, or _toxi niju_. They ask with
_icutoxi_ or _toxi icutçu_ 'how old are you.' They count the age of men and
animals such as cattle and horses by adding _sai_ to the _coie_ numeral;
e.g., _issai_ 'one,' _nisai_ 'two,' _sanzai_ 'three.'
In counting turns (_visis_) _do_ is added to the _coie_ numerals; e.g.,
_nando_ 'how many times,' _ichido_ 'once,' _iodo_ 'four times,' _godo_
'five times,' _sai san_ 'twice or thrice.'
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account