Dirigible BalloonsHayward, Charles B. (Charles Brian)
History
Dirigible Balloons
Hayward, Charles B. (Charles Brian)
Aeronautics; Airships
*Limitations of Use.* Nothing excites the Teutonic imagination so
strongly as things military to which the characteristic German adjective
_kolossal_ can be enthusiastically applied. It was for this reason that,
despite its uniform record of tragic disaster for years before the war,
the Germans pinned their faith to the Zeppelin as a weapon that could
not fail to strike terror to the hearts of the British and French and
make them hasten "to sue for peace." However, apart from its reputed
employment on the single occasion that the German grand fleet left the
security of the Kiel Canal, it is not known to have been used in any
purely military operation. The aeroplane has been developed to a point
that, in spite of the ability of the Zeppelin to ascend rapidly when
hard pressed, would make it suicidal for one of the huge gas bags to
sally forth in daylight, unless attended by a large number of battle
planes to prevent enemy flying machines from attacking it. No such use
of the Zeppelin has been recorded thus far. Consequently, it has been
used only in nocturnal bomb-dropping expeditions, chiefly directed
against London and only undertaken when weather conditions made
detection difficult. In order to carry these out, it has been necessary
to establish stations in Belgium, since the fuel consumption of the
Zeppelin is so great that, even with its tremendous fuel supply of 3 to
5 tons, a flight to London and return to points well within the German
border is impracticable. The first raids of this character were carried
out successfully, but subsequent attempts were marked by the loss of one
or two airships on each occasion, so that the practice was abandoned as
being too expensive for the results attained and aeroplanes were
substituted.
*Number Built.* Taking it for granted that the numbering of the German
airships has been consecutive, the total number built during the first
three and one-half years of the war by the Germans would be between
eighty and one hundred. All large German airships have come to be
commonly termed Zeppelins, but a number of them were of the Schutte-Lanz
type, almost equally large and also characterized by rigid construction,
which, however, was of wood with aluminum fittings instead of being all
metal, as it was found that the huge metal frame accumulated a static
charge of high potential that was responsible for igniting the gas in
one or two instances.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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