Discourses on Satire and on Epic PoetryDryden, John
History
Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry
Dryden, John
Epic poetry; Satire; Satire -- History and criticism
What follows next is no objection; for that implies a fault, and it had
been none in Virgil if he had extended the time of his action beyond a
year—at least, Aristotle has set no precise limits to it. Homer’s, we
know, was within two months; Tasso; I am sure, exceeds not a summer, and
if I examined him perhaps he might be reduced into a much less compass.
Bossu leaves it doubtful whether Virgil’s action were within the year, or
took up some months beyond it. Indeed, the whole dispute is of no more
concernment to the common reader than it is to a ploughman whether
February this year had twenty-eight or twenty-nine days in it; but for
the satisfaction of the more curious (of which number I am sure your
lordship is one) I will translate what I think convenient out of Segrais,
whom perhaps you have not read, for he has made it highly probable that
the action of the “Æneis” began in the spring, and was not extended
beyond the autumn; and we have known campaigns that have begun sooner and
have ended later.
Ronsard and the rest whom Segrais names, who are of opinion that the
action of this poem takes up almost a year and half, ground their
calculation thus:—Anchises died in Sicily at the end of winter or
beginning of the spring. Æneas, immediately after the interment of his
father, puts to sea for Italy; he is surprised by the tempest described
in the beginning of the first book; and there it is that the scene of the
poem opens, and where the action must commence. He is driven by this
storm on the coasts of Africa; he stays at Carthage all that summer, and
almost all the winter following; sets sail again for Italy just before
the beginning of the spring; meets with contrary winds, and makes Sicily
the second time. This part of the action completes the year. Then he
celebrates the anniversary of his father’s funerals, and shortly after
arrives at Cumes. And from thence his time is taken up in his first
treaty with Latinus; the overture of the war; the siege of his camp by
Turnus; his going for succours to relieve it; his return; the raising of
the siege by the first battle; the twelve days’ truce; the second battle;
the assault of Laurentum, and the single fight with Turnus—all which,
they say, cannot take up less than four or five months more, by which
account we cannot suppose the entire action to be contained in a much
less compass than a year and half.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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