Discourses on Satire and on Epic PoetryDryden, John
History
Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry
Dryden, John
Epic poetry; Satire; Satire -- History and criticism
Segrais reckons another way, and his computation is not condemned by the
learned Ruæus, who compiled and published the commentaries on our poet
which we call the “Dauphin’s Virgil.” He allows the time of year when
Anchises died to be in the latter end of winter or the beginning of the
spring; he acknowledges that when Æneas is first seen at sea afterwards,
and is driven by the tempest on the coast of Africa, is the time when the
action is naturally to begin; he confesses farther, that Æneas left
Carthage in the latter end of winter, for Dido tells him in express
terms, as an argument for his longer stay—
“_Quin etiam hiberno moliris sidere classem_.”
But whereas Ronsard’s followers suppose that when Æneas had buried his
father he set sail immediately for Italy (though the tempest drove him on
the coast of Carthage), Segrais will by no means allow that supposition,
but thinks it much more probable that he remained in Sicily till the
midst of July or the beginning of August, at which time he places the
first appearance of his hero on the sea, and there opens the action of
the poem. From which beginning, to the death of Turnus, which concludes
the action, there need not be supposed above ten months of intermediate
time; for arriving at Carthage in the latter end of summer, staying there
the winter following, departing thence in the very beginning of the
spring, making a short abode in Sicily the second time, landing in Italy,
and making the war, may be reasonably judged the business but of ten
months. To this the Ronsardians reply that, having been for seven years
before in quest of Italy, and having no more to do in Sicily than to
inter his father—after that office was performed, what remained for him
but without delay to pursue his first adventure? To which Segrais
answers that the obsequies of his father, according to the rites of the
Greeks and Romans, would detain him for many days; that a longer time
must be taken up in the re-fitting of his ships after so tedious a
voyage, and in refreshing his weather-beaten soldiers on a friendly
coast. These indeed are but suppositions on both sides, yet those of
Segrais seem better grounded; for the feast of Dido, when she entertained
Æneas first, has the appearance of a summer’s night, which seems already
almost ended, when he begins his story. Therefore the love was made in
autumn; the hunting followed properly, when the heats of that scorching
country were declining. The winter was passed in jollity, as the season
and their love required; and he left her in the latter end of winter, as
is already proved. This opinion is fortified by the arrival of Æneas at
the mouth of Tiber, which marks the season of the spring, that season
being perfectly described by the singing of the birds saluting the dawn,
and by the beauty of the place, which the poet seems to have painted
expressly in the seventh Æneid:—
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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