Discourses on Satire and on Epic PoetryDryden, John
History
Discourses on Satire and on Epic Poetry
Dryden, John
Epic poetry; Satire; Satire -- History and criticism
Tasso had done the same; nay, more, that all the sonnets in that language
are on the turn of the first thought—which Mr. Walsh, in his late
ingenious preface to his poems, has observed. In short, Virgil and Ovid
are the two principal fountains of them in Latin poetry. And the French
at this day are so fond of them that they judge them to be the first
beauties; _delicate_, _et bien tourné_, are the highest commendations
which they bestow on somewhat which they think a masterpiece.
An example of the turn of words, amongst a thousand others, is that in
the last book of Ovid’s “Metamorphoses”:—
“_Heu_! _quantum scelus est_, _in viscera_, _viscera condi_!
_Congestoque avidum pinguescere corpore corpus_;
_Alteriusque animantem animantis vivere leto_.”
An example on the turn both of thoughts and words is to be found in
Catullus in the complaint of Ariadne when she was left by Theseus:—
“_Tum jam nulla viro juranti fæmina credat_;
_Nulla viri speret sermones esse fideles_;
_Qui_, _dum aliquid cupiens animus prægestit apisci_,
_Nil metuunt jurare_, _nihil promittere parcunt_:
_Sed simul ac cupidæ mentis satiata libido est_,
_Dicta nihil metuere_, _nihil perjuria curant_.”
An extraordinary turn upon the words is that in Ovid’s “Epistolæ
Heroidum” of Sappho to Phaon:—
“_Si_, _nisi quæ formâ poterit te digna videri_,
_Nulla futura tua est_, _nulla futura tua est_.”
Lastly a turn, which I cannot say is absolutely on words—for the thought
turns with them—is in the fourth Georgic of Virgil, where Orpheus is to
receive his wife from hell on express condition not to look on her till
she was come on earth:—
“Cum subita incautum dementia cepit amantem;
Ignoscenda quidem, scirent si ignoscere Manes.”
I will not burthen your lordship with more of them, for I write to a
master who understands them better than myself; but I may safely conclude
them to be great beauties. I might descend also to the mechanic beauties
of heroic verse; but we have yet no English Prosodia, not so much as a
tolerable dictionary or a grammar (so that our language is in a manner
barbarous); and what Government will encourage any one, or more, who are
capable of refining it, I know not: but nothing under a public expense
can go through with it. And I rather fear a declination of the language
than hope an advancement of it in the present age.
I am still speaking to you, my lord, though in all probability you are
already out of hearing. Nothing which my meanness can produce is worthy
of this long attention. But I am come to the last petition of Abraham:
if there be ten righteous lines in this vast preface, spare it for their
sake; and also spare the next city, because it is but a little one.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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