[Illustration: On Stone by W. L. Walton. Printed by Hullmandel & Walton. MOUNT BARKAL. (NUBIA) London. Richard Bentley New Burlington Street, 1852.] DISCOVERIES IN EGYPT, ETHIOPIA, AND THE PENINSULA OF SINAI, IN THE YEARS 1842-1845, DURING THE MISSION SENT OUT BY HIS MAJESTY FREDERICK WILLIAM IV. OF PRUSSIA. BY DR. RICHARD LEPSIUS. EDITED, WITH NOTES, BY KENNETH R. H. MACKENZIE. [Illustration: MEROE.] SECOND EDITION, WITH ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. LONDON: RICHARD BENTLEY, NEW BURLINGTON STREET, Publisher in Ordinary to Her Majesty. 1853. TO ALEXANDER VON HUMBOLDT, WITH THE DEEPEST RESPECT AND GRATITUDE. AUTHOR’S PREFACE. The purpose of the Scientific Expedition, sent out in 1842 by his Majesty the King, was an historical and antiquarian research into, and collection of the ancient Egyptian monuments, in the valley of the Nile, and the peninsula of Sinai. It was by royal munificence provided with the means for remaining three years; it rejoiced in the favour and interest of the highest person in the realm, as well as in the most active and kindly assistance of Alexander Von Humboldt; and under such a rare combination of fortunate circumstances, it completed its intended task as fully as could have been hoped. A “Prefatory account of the expedition, its results, and their publication,” (Berlin, 1849, 4to.) was published with the first parts of the great monumental work, which is brought out at the command of his Majesty, in a manner corresponding to the importance of the treasures brought back, and contains a short abstract of the more important results of the Expedition. The work, there announced, “The Monuments of Egypt and Ethiopia,” will contain more than 800 plates, of the largest size, of which half are already prepared, and 240 plates already published, will lay before the public these results, as far as concerns the sculptures, the topography, and architecture, while the accompanying text will explain them more fully.