Disease in captive wild mammals and birds : $b incidence, description, comparisonFox, Herbert
Science
Disease in captive wild mammals and birds : $b incidence, description, comparison
Fox, Herbert
Veterinary medicine
Respiratory Tract.—Thymus, large soft gray homogeneous. Both lungs are
distended, pale, homogeneous, yellow pink, boggy, do not crepitate,
but contain no edema. Lymph nodes, small soft anthracotic. Pericardium
contained no fluid.
Abdomen.—No adhesions. Size of liver normal or slightly small, firm
and pale brown-red. Architecture irregular showing areas of perfect
homogeneity and others where lobules are clear outlined by paler
interstices. Gall-bladder distended, contains brown fluid. Common bile
duct, patulous. Spleen, normal or slightly small, consistency soft,
capsule smooth, location normal; section surface, homogeneous pale
pulp, faint trabeculæ. Kidney normal in size and shape, capsule
smooth, strips easily, smooth brown surface; section surface
glistening, opaque; consistency firm; thickness of cortex normal and
of medulla normal; homogeneous cortex, glomeruli not visible.
Adrenal.—Narrow, brown, opaque cortex; pale brown, opaque medulla.
Bladder, small quantity of cloudy urine showing albumin, bile and many
granular casts, few hyaline casts. Teeth carious broken; mouth pale.
Stomach distended; serosa and wall pale, contained gas; mucosa pale,
flat, translucent except in pyloric segment where it is slightly
thickened, irregular, opaque and there are several saucer shaped
depressions covered with black, shiny material; these seem like
sluggish ulcers. Intestinal tract throughout seems normal save for its
pallor. Few natural fecal masses in lower gut.
Skeleton and Muscles.—All bones are irregular in thickness, very
brittle and show in their length irregular swellings made up of
periosteal growth and probably increase in marrow. The latter is pale
yellow with punctate hemorrhages. Skeleton seems too soft to give
support, but there is little deformity.
Microscopy.—Bone section shows a myelomatous growth of costal marrow,
new myelocytes predominating. The cells are packed in disorderly
fashion through the marrow. They are chiefly lightly granular but a
few distinct promyelocytes are found. The hyperplasia is invading
cartilaginous bone with absorption. In some places cartilage is of
fetal type. Perichondrium is active but there is no round cell
infiltration. Ossification is imperfect at costochondral junctions.
Kidney shows granular and vacuolar degeneration of epithelium with
flattening of tubular lining. Nuclei are for most part normal.
Epithelium of tufts and Bowman’s capsule is likewise granular and
vacuolated. Distal and discharging tubules seem to be most affected.
No well defined casts are found.
Liver.—The fine markings mentioned in the notes correspond to areas of
infiltration of large pale mononuclears without granules. There is no
fibroblastic or polynuclear increase around them. Very small necroses
seen in hepatic lobules. Very slight increase of connective tissue is
noted.
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