The larynx on the other hand is constantly reddened in cases of pharyngitis and may be the seat of mould colonies. Edema of this structure is, however, not very common, it being recorded but twice in birds in association with nearby inflammation and five times in mammals; in the latter cases three were of acute infectious nature, one was a tumor and the other osteomalacia. It is common to find the laryngeal and tracheal mucosa swollen and wet in chronic bone degenerations without the condition being severe enough to call it edema. LARYNGITIS. Acute laryngitis of active catarrhal or purulent nature has been met five times in mammals and twice in birds while more chronic lesions have occurred only in the former, four times. Tuberculous laryngitis has been observed in a cockatoo and a lemur; they are interesting enough to cite. There are no cases recorded among monkeys despite the large number dying from the disease; this implies of course that no suspicion of its existence was had at postmortem but perhaps some would have been detected had every larynx been subjected to microscopic section. A citron-crested cockatoo was found when posted to have general miliary tuberculosis. The bright red rim of the glottis attracted attention and upon slitting open the organ, pinhead size, sharply outlined yellow tubercles were found on both sides. A black and white lemur was killed because of a positive tuberculin test. He was in good condition and exhibited as his only lesions retropharyngeal lymph nodes with precaseous miliary nodules and small miliary tubercles on the epiglottis, true and false vocal chords and in the mucosa of the main ventricle, each lesion being surrounded by a narrow sharply injected zone. This seems like a recent double implantation since the retropharyngeal glands probably do not drain toward or from the larynx. The larynx has been the seat of only one tumor, a squamous cell cancer in an Azara’s agouti. The tumor caused ulceration and edema of the whole mucosa sufficient to produce fatal asphyxia.