The value of the work is recognized by the keepers. Their interest has increased and their morale has improved. The frequent deaths in a large collection of animals are discouraging, and a good animal man must have courage and optimism—traits that are stimulated by the knowledge that every animal that dies is studied to determine the cause of death, and to prevent its recurrence. Some results of this study are to be considered as “raw material,” while others permit cautious or tentative conclusions. The first include— visceral weights, incidence of certain lesions like anemia and hepatic cirrhoses, occurrence of calculi and observations on weak hind quarters, convulsions and constitutional diseases. The second include—eradication of tuberculosis and spiropteriasis, the response of the mammalian and avian heart to strain and disease viruses, the origin of pneumonia in birds, the genesis of bronchiectasis, the nature of osseous degeneration with relation to diet and alimentary tract, the comparative anatomy, physiology and pathology of the female genitalia, the occurrence of lesions in the thyroid comparable to those in man, the character of kangaroo disease. Great praise is due Dr. Herbert Fox and his assistants Drs. F. D. Weidman and E. P. Corson-White, for the splendid scientific spirit and thoroughness with which they have done this work, with no adequate remuneration, except the intangible reward appreciated only by the real research worker. It is a mistake to think that all animals in the wild state are healthy. The healthy wild animals that we see are the survivors, the sick and the weaklings having died. Undoubtedly diseases are fewer than in captive animals; but on the other hand wild animals are exposed to dangers to which captive animals are not exposed—such as lack of care in sickness and old age, starvation, and attacks of enemies that feed on them. The maximum longevities in some species are probably in captive animals. It is doubtful if a wild animal ever reaches the greatest age possible to it. Many kinds of parasites have been found in wild animals captured only a short time before arriving at the Garden, so that they must have existed in the wild. Thirteen wild cats received from South Carolina within a few days after capture were infested with intestinal, muscular, and pulmonary parasites. Several years ago there were received from the Island of Chincoteague, off the coast of Virginia, a number of native birds recently captured, all of which had mould disease of the air sacs. This happened on several occasions, so that it became necessary to reject all birds from this locality. Among the birds were meadow larks and cardinals.