=The lesions= are those of ulcerative stomatitis, anæmia of the mucous membranes, and fatty degeneration of the epithelium. In the chronic form the kidneys are atrophied. =Treatment= consists in giving substances which form insoluble compounds with lead. It comprises the administration of dilute sulphuric acid, solutions of sodium sulphate or magnesia, milk, eggs, and iodide of potassium. COPPER POISONING. This is a rare form of poisoning. It may follow ingestion of food stored in copper vessels, licking of ointments containing copper salts, or ingestion of vine leaves, or leaves of other plants which have been sprayed with sulphate or acetate of copper to prevent “mildew.” =The symptoms= comprise vomiting of green-coloured material, colic, diarrhœa, muscular weakness, and convulsions. The urine contains dissolved albumen and hæmoglobin. =The lesions= are those of acute enteritis and dilatation of the stomach. The essential lesion consists in decomposition of the blood with the formation of methæmoglobin. Nephritis and granular degeneration of the muscles form secondary symptoms. =Treatment= consists in administering raw eggs, albumen, milk, mucilage, flowers of sulphur, or calcined magnesia. CARBOLIC ACID POISONING. Carbolic acid poisoning sometimes follows the use of carbolic acid solutions in the form of injections, enemas, or baths. =Symptoms.= Administered in over-doses or for too long a time, carbolic acid produces stomatitis, œsophagitis and vomiting. True poisoning is characterised by changes in the kidneys and bladder; the urine becomes brown and turbid, and possesses a well-marked carbolic odour, the animals suffer from severe trembling and appear stupid, and coma and paralysis precede death. The specific =lesions= consist in parenchymatous nephritis, sometimes accompanied by renal hæmorrhage, cystitis and hyperæmia of the lung and brain. The flesh has an odour of carbolic acid, which renders it unfit for human consumption. =Treatment= consists in giving stimulants and slight diuretics, such as ether, alcohol, wine, coffee, saline sulphates, or Glauber’s salt. The last named forms phenyl-sulphuric acid, which is not toxic. Olive, rape, or linseed oil has been recommended. All these drugs are useless if the kidney lesions have become too pronounced. POISONING BY ALOES. This form of poisoning is caused by administering over-doses of aloes. Apart from the accidents possible in pregnant female animals, large doses of aloes produce symptoms of super-purgation—profuse diarrhœa, running down pulse, and nervous prostration. =The lesions= are those of gastro-enteritis, the intestine being empty, and its mucous membrane of red colour. =Treatment= is confined to administering drugs like camphor, rice, bismuth, opium, chloral, and emollients, which diminish peristalsis and lessen secretion. IODOFORM POISONING.