Mastication is clearly impossible, the jaws appear paralysed, the muscles powerless, and only swallowing is possible, a fact which explains why life is only prolonged to this stage in animals which can be fed with a spoon or bottle (pigs and goats). The bones of the cranium, although greatly changed in texture, are always less deformed than those of the face. The changes are such that it is often easy with a mere post-mortem knife to cut the head completely in two. Osseous tissue, properly so-called, has disappeared. All the constituent tissues, with the exception of the skin and muscles, _i.e._, the bone, periosteum and aponeuroses, have the appearance and consistence on section of the fibro-lardaceous tissue seen in chronic inflammation. The following is a condensed description of the disease as given by Law:— =Symptoms.= Poor condition or even emaciation, with very visible projection of the bones. The coat is rough, skin tense, inelastic and hidebound, appetite variable, sometimes impaired, and nearly always perverted (or depraved) so that the patient will lick the manger continually or pick up and chew all sorts of objects: bones, leather, clothing, wood or iron, stones, etc. The amount of food consumed may, however, be up to the normal. The most marked feature is the difficulty and stiffness of locomotion.... Temperature and yield of milk may remain normal. “Later, appetite and milk secretion fail, temperature rises a degree or two, the animal refuses to rise, remaining down twelve to twenty-four hours at a time, and ... when rising ... remaining on the knees for a time, moaning and indisposed to exert itself further. At this stage many cases begin to improve and may get well in five or six weeks. Some will remain down for several weeks and finally get up and recover. With constant decubitus, however, the animal falls off greatly, becoming emaciated and weak, the appetite may fail altogether, and the patient is worn out by the persistent fever, nervous exhaustion and poisoning from the numerous bed-sores ... which are common over the bony prominences. It is in these last conditions, above all, that fractures and distortions of the pelvic bones, and less frequently of the bones of the legs occur.” [Illustration: $1] “The disease may advance for two or three months, and in case of pelvic fractures and distortions, there may be permanent lameness, and dangerous obstruction to parturition, even though the bones should acquire their normal hardness through the deposition of lime salts.” In horses, the different phases of the disease develop precisely as in bovines. The apparent differences between affected horses and cattle result in reality from differences in their capacity for continuing work. In the first phase, horses are incapable of work, their movements being badly co-ordinated. They are inclined to stumble, and appear as though suffering from strain of the lumbar muscles.