=Prognosis= is only grave in so far as the condition interferes with animals working, but it may render working oxen entirely useless. =Treatment= in the early stages is of a preventive character, and consists in placing animals which have been accidentally injured or attacked with foot-and-mouth disease on a perfectly clean bed. Surgical treatment is the only reliable method in cases where hypertrophy of the papillary layer is well marked, and is extremely simple. The animal should be fixed in the trevis, the foot to be operated on separately secured, and the growths completely removed with sharp scissors or with a bistoury and forceps. When bleeding has subsided the wound is covered with a mixture of equal parts of iodoform, tannin, and powdered boric acid, and an interdigital dressing is applied. The dressing is removed after five to ten days, according to circumstances. If the cicatrix shows signs of exuberant growth it is dusted with powdered burnt alum, and the parts are treated as an open wound. When the growths are covered with horn and no longer painful it is not desirable to interfere with them. CANKER. Canker—_i.e._, chronic suppurative inflammation of the podophyllous or velvety tissue—is accompanied by hypertrophy of the papillæ and progressive separation of the horn of the sole. It is much rarer in the ox than in the horse, although it occasionally occurs. Prolonged retention in dirty stables, where the bedding is mixed with manure and continually moistened with urine, is the principal cause of the disease. Individual predisposition and the action of some specific organism may also have some influence. Canker in oxen, like the same disease in horses, is recognised by softening and separation of the horn of the sole, and by progressive extension of the process towards neighbouring parts. The usual course consists in invasion of the podophyllous tissue, separation of the wall and of the heels, and pathological hypertrophy of the horn-forming tissues, producing condylomata. The new growths do not attain the same dimensions as in the horse, but, on the other hand, the disease very frequently takes a progressive course, involving the whole of the claw. A trifling accidental injury may be followed by infection of the subungual tissues, and thus become the point of origin for canker. Canker may attack only one claw; on the other hand, it may extend to both claws of one foot, or to the claws of more than one foot in the same animal. =Diagnosis.= Diagnosis is easy. The separation of the horn, the presence of a caseous, greyish-yellow and offensive discharge between the separated parts and the horn-secreting tissues, the appearance of the exposed living tissues, etc., leave no room for doubt. =Prognosis.= The prognosis is grave; for, as in the horse, the disease is obstinate.