Domestic Animals: History and description of the horse, mule, cattle, sheep, swine, poultry and farm dogs; with directions for their management, breeding, crossing, rearing, feeding, and preparation for a profitable market; also their diseases and remedies. Together with full directions for the management of the dairy.Allen, Richard Lamb
Science
Domestic Animals: History and description of the horse, mule, cattle, sheep, swine, poultry and farm dogs; with directions for their management, breeding, crossing, rearing, feeding, and preparation for a profitable market; also their diseases and remedies. Together with full directions for the management of the dairy.
Allen, Richard Lamb
Domestic animals
The mule is more steady in his draught, and less likely to waste his
strength than the horse, hence more suitable to work with oxen; and as
he walks faster, he will habituate them to a faster gait. In plowing
among crops, his feet being small and following each other so much more
in a line, he seldom treads down the ridges or crops. The facility of
instructing him to obey implicitly the voice of the driver is
astonishing. The best plowed tillage land I ever saw, I have had
performed by two mules tandem, without lines or driver. The mule is
capable of enduring labor in a temperature of heat that would be
destructive to a horse.
Although a large mule will consume something over one-half the food of a
horse, yet the saving in shoeing, farrying, and insurance against
diseases and accidents, will amount to at least one-half. In addition,
the owner may rely with tolerable certainty on the continuance of his
mule capital for thirty years; whereas the horse owner must, at the end
of fifteen years, look to his crops, his acres, or a bank for the
renewal of his. The longevity of a mule is so proverbial, that a
purchaser seldom inquires his age. Pliny mentions one 80 years old; and
Dr. Rees, two in England, that reached the age of 70. I saw one
performing his labor in a cane-mill in the West Indies, which the owner
assured me was 40 years old. I have now a mare-mule 25 years old, that I
have had in constant work for 21 years. She has often within a year
taken a ton weight in a wagon to Boston, five miles, and manifests no
diminution of her powers. A neighbor has one 28 years old, which he
would not exchange for any horse in the country. One in Maryland, 35
years old, is now as capable of labor as at any former period."
Mr. Hood of Maryland, in the American Farmer, estimates the annual
expense of a horse for 12 months, at $44, and that of a mule at $22,
just half price, and his working age at more than twice that of the
horse, and that too after 30 years' experience in keeping both.
A correspondent of the Baltimore Patriot, asserts that "Col. John E.
Howard had a pair of mules that worked 30 years, after which they were
sold to a carter in the city, and performed hard service for several
years longer. Many mules 25 years old, and now in this country, perform
well. Many have been at hard work for 12 or 15 years, and would now sell
for $100 each. They are not subject to the colt's ailments, the
glanders, heaves, yellow-water, and colic, like horses; and seldom are
afflicted with spavin, ringbones, or bots; and they will not founder."
General Shelby says, "he has known mules to travel 12 miles within the
hour in light harness, and has himself driven a pair 45 miles in six
hours, stopping an hour by the way." Four match mules have been sold in
this country for $1,000. They were of course superior animals, and made
elegant coach-horses. These animals were driven 80 miles in a day
without injury; and they proved a first-rate team for many years.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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