DOMESTIC SERVICE [Illustration] DOMESTIC SERVICE BY LUCY MAYNARD SALMON _SECOND EDITION_ WITH AN ADDITIONAL CHAPTER ON DOMESTIC SERVICE IN EUROPE New York THE MACMILLAN COMPANY LONDON: MACMILLAN & CO., LTD. 1901 _All rights reserved_ COPYRIGHT, 1897, BY THE MACMILLAN COMPANY. Set up and electrotyped February, 1897. Revised edition printed March, 1901. Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.—Berwick & Smith Norwood, Mass. U.S.A. “The reform that applies itself to the household must not be partial. It must correct the whole system of our social living. It must come with plain living and high thinking; it must break up caste, and put domestic service on another foundation. It must come in connection with a true acceptance by each man of his vocation,—not chosen by his parents or friends, but by his genius, with earnestness and love.” EMERSON. PREFACE The basis of the following discussion of the subject of domestic service is the information obtained through a series of blanks sent out during the years 1889 and 1890. Three schedules were prepared—one for employers, one for employees, and one asking for miscellaneous information in regard to the Woman’s Exchange, the teaching of household employments, and kindred subjects.[1] These schedules were submitted for criticism to several gentlemen prominent in statistical investigation, and after revision five thousand sets were distributed. These were sent out in packages containing from five to twenty-five sets through the members of the Classes of 1888 and 1889, Vassar College, and single sets were mailed, with a statement of the object of the work, to the members of different associations presumably interested in such investigations. These were the American Statistical Association, the American Economic Association, the Association of Collegiate Alumnæ, the Vassar Alumnæ, and the women graduates of the University of Michigan. They were also sent to various women’s clubs, and many were distributed at the request of persons interested in the work.