What are the advantages that have resulted from this fifty years of more or less extensive experience with the system? There is first the fact that it results in the development of what Mr. Carroll D. Wright has called “the group of industrial virtues.” This group includes diligence, zeal, caretaking, vigilance, punctuality, fidelity, continuity of effort, willingness to learn, a spirit of co-operation, and a personal interest in all business affairs. In addition to these virtues, other positive advantages have been noted by those who have tried the system. “An appreciable percentage of the occasions of worry, which all large employers experience, have disappeared,” writes Mr. T. W. Bushill, of Coventry, England.[314] M. Billon, of Geneva, states as one result of his experiment, “Superintendence became easy for us, and _from that time we could, without fear of offending any one, show ourselves exacting in details to which previously we were obliged to close our eyes_.”[315] The Peace Dale Manufacturing Company began profit sharing “not to make money in the positive sense, but to save waste.”[316] This saving of waste is seen in the efforts to economize time and materials and in the additional care with which machinery and all appliances for work are used. Various English firms have been most successful in attaining this end, stating that they find “increasing care to avoid spoilt work and waste both of time and material”; that “waste is guarded against”; that there is care in handling materials, and that “especially waste of raw material is avoided.”[317] Another gain is found in the identification of the interests of employer and employees and the consequent harmony between capital and labor; “the occurrence of a strike in a profit-sharing establishment is believed to have been a rare event,” says Mr. Schloss.[318] The advantage to the employer of this identification of interest is seen in the ability to obtain “a steadier and superior class of workers”; in the fact that “the knowledge that there is such a scheme brings all the best workmen” to the firm employing it; that “workers remain year after year”; and that “it tends to secure and retain the best workers.” Its good effects on the character of the work are seen when “an efficient man is very soon pricked up to greater diligence by his fellow workers”; in securing through it “the maximum of effort”; “in a steady pulling up all around”; when it “makes the men keener after business and sharper in keeping down expenses.”[319]