It would seem difficult to introduce the scheme into a business like
that of tea-blending, but a London firm that has practised it thirteen
years states that the effect is “to make the clerks willing to exert
themselves in an especial manner, when the occasion arises, because they
know that if they show themselves unable to cope with the mass of work
to be done, then the staff must be increased; and they do not care to
see their bonus diminished by an augmentation of the numbers entitled to
participation.”[320]
The question naturally arises as to how far these gains reimburse the
employer for the financial cost of profit sharing. The chairman of the
South Metropolitan Gas Company of London writes, “I state unhesitatingly
that the Company is recouped the whole of the amounts—some £40,000—paid
as a bonus since the system was started.”[321] The managing director of
the New Welsh Slate Quarry Company gives it as his personal belief “that
we are recouping every penny of bonus and more;” and similar testimony
comes from others.
Yet this is putting the matter on the lowest plane. The system “converts
the industrial association of employer and employees into a moral
organism, in which all the various talents, services, and desires of
the component individuals are fused into a community of purpose and
endeavor.”[322] A natural result, moreover, is a general elevation in the
standards of morals. Most of all, in an individual way it is of help to
the employee; “to assist a person in improving his condition by his own
efforts is to make a man of him.”[323]
What can be learned from these successful experiences in profit sharing
that will be of value in domestic service? The usual difficulties that
beset the employer of domestic labor are lack of interest, desire
for change, negligence, waste of time, extravagance in the use of
materials, in a word, the absence of the industrial virtues. If these
very difficulties—all of which exist elsewhere—are partially or entirely
obviated by the employer of other forms of labor through the system of
profit sharing, may it not reasonably be expected that they could be met
in domestic service by the employment of similar means?
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