"Downright Fighting": The Story of CowpensFleming, Thomas J.
History
"Downright Fighting": The Story of Cowpens
Fleming, Thomas J.
Cowpens National Battlefield (S.C.); Cowpens, Battle of, Cowpens, S.C., 1781
To delay, if not defeat, this potential disaster, Greene decided to
divide his battered army and give more than half of it to Daniel Morgan.
The Old Wagoner would march swiftly across the front of Cornwallis’s
army into western South Carolina and operate on his left flank and in
his rear, threatening the enemy’s posts at Ninety Six and Augusta,
disrupting British communications, and—most important—encouraging the
militia of western South Carolina to return to fight. “The object of
this detachment,” Greene wrote in his instructions to Morgan, “is to
give protection to that part of the country and spirit up the people.”
This was the army that Joseph McJunkin had ridden all night to warn.
Lord Cornwallis had no intention of letting Nathanael Greene get away
with this ingenious maneuver. Cornwallis had an answer to Morgan. His
name was Banastre Tarleton.
2
Daniel Morgan might call him “Benny.” Most Americans called him “the
Butcher” or “Bloody Tarleton.” A thick-shouldered, compact man of middle
height, with bright red hair and a hard mouth, he was the most feared
and hated British soldier in the South. In 1776 he had come to America,
a 21-year-old cornet—the British equivalent of a second lieutenant. He
was now a lieutenant colonel, a promotion so rapid for the British army
of the time that it left older officers frigid with jealousy. Tarleton
had achieved this spectacular rise almost entirely on raw courage and
fierce energy. His father had been a wealthy merchant and Lord Mayor of
Liverpool. He died while Tarleton was at Oxford, leaving him £5,000,
which the young man promptly gambled and drank away, while ostensibly
studying for the law in London. He joined the army and discovered he was
a born soldier.
In America, he was a star performer from the start. In the fall of 1776,
while still a cornet, he played a key role in capturing Maj. Gen.
Charles Lee, second in command of the American army, when he unwisely
spent the night at a tavern in New Jersey, several miles from his
troops. Soon a captain, Tarleton performed ably for the next two years
and in 1778 was appointed a brigade major of the British cavalry.
[Illustration: Charles Lee, an English general retired on half-pay
at the outbreak of the war, threw in with Americans and received
several important commands early in the war. His capture in late
1776 at a New Jersey tavern by dragoons under Banastre Tarleton was
a celebrated event.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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