"Downright Fighting": The Story of CowpensFleming, Thomas J.
History
"Downright Fighting": The Story of Cowpens
Fleming, Thomas J.
Cowpens National Battlefield (S.C.); Cowpens, Battle of, Cowpens, S.C., 1781
After helping to smash the American army at Camden with another
devastating cavalry charge, Tarleton was ordered to pursue Thomas Sumter
and his partisans. Pushing his men and horses at his usual pace in spite
of the tropical heat of August, he caught up with Sumter’s men at
Fishing Creek. Sabering a few carelessly posted sentries, the British
Legion swept down on the Carolinians as they lay about their camp, their
arms stacked, half of them sleeping or cooking. Sumter leaped on a
bareback horse and imitated Buford, fleeing for his life. Virtually the
entire American force of more than 400 men was killed or captured. When
the news was published in England, Tarleton became a national hero. In
his official dispatches, Cornwallis called him “one of the most
promising officers I ever knew.”
But Sumter immediately began gathering a new force and Francis Marion
and his raiders repeatedly emerged from the lowland swamps to harass
communications with Charleston and punish any loyalist who declared for
the king. Tarleton did not understand this stubborn resistance and liked
it even less. A nauseating bout with yellow fever deepened his saturnine
mood. Pursuing Marion along the Santee and Black Rivers, Tarleton
ruthlessly burned the farmhouses of “violent rebels,” as he called them.
“The country is now convinced of the error of the insurrection,” he
wrote to Cornwallis. But Tarleton failed to catch “the damned old fox,”
Marion.
The British Legion had scarcely returned from this exhausting march when
they were ordered out once more in pursuit of Sumter. On November 9,
1780, with a new band of partisans, Sumter fought part of the British
63d Regiment, backed by a troop of Legion dragoons, at Fishdam Ford on
the Broad River and mauled them badly. “I wish you would get three
Legions, and divide yourself in three parts,” Cornwallis wrote Tarleton.
“We can do no good without you.”
Once more the Legion marched for the back country. As usual, Tarleton’s
pace was almost supernaturally swift. On November 20, 1780, he caught
Sumter and his men as they were preparing to ford the Tyger River. But
this time Tarleton’s fondness for headlong pursuit got him into serious
trouble. He had left most of his infantry far behind him and pushed
ahead with less than 200 cavalry and 90 infantry, riding two to a horse.
Sumter had close to a thousand men and he attacked, backwoods style,
filtering through the trees to pick off foot soldiers and horsemen.
Tarleton ordered a bayonet charge. The infantry was so badly shot up,
Tarleton had to charge with the cavalry to extricate them, exposing his
dragoon to deadly rifle fire from other militiamen entrenched in a log
tobacco house known as Blackstocks. The battle ended in a bloody draw.
Sumter was badly wounded and his men abandoned the field to the
green-coated dragoons, slipping across the Tyger in the darkness.
Without their charismatic leader, Sumter’s militia went home.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account