"Downright Fighting": The Story of Cowpens — John Shaqi
"Downright Fighting": The Story of CowpensFleming, Thomas J.
History
"Downright Fighting": The Story of Cowpens
Fleming, Thomas J.
Cowpens National Battlefield (S.C.); Cowpens, Battle of, Cowpens, S.C., 1781
Behind the Royal Fusiliers trudged a 200-man battalion of the 71st
Scottish Highlanders (Fraser’s), who probably did not find the night
march through the woods as forbidding as the city men of the Fusiliers.
At least half were relatively new recruits who had arrived in America
little more than a year ago. The rest were veterans who had been
campaigning in the rebellious colonies since 1776. They had sailed south
to help the British capture Georgia in 1778 and had fought well in one
of the most devastating royal victories of the southern campaign, the
rout of the Americans at Briar Creek, Ga., in early 1779. They were
commanded by Maj. Archibald McArthur, a tough veteran who had served
with the Scottish Brigade in the Dutch army, considered one of the
finest groups of fighting men in Europe.
Between the 71st and the 7th Regiments plodded some 18 blue-coated royal
artillerymen, leading horses carrying two brass cannon and 60 rounds of
round shot and case shot (also known as canister because each “case” was
full of smaller bullet-size projectiles that scattered in flight). These
light guns were considered an important innovation when they were
introduced into the British army in 1775. Because they could be
dismantled and carried on horses, they could be moved over rough terrain
impassable to ordinary artillery with its cumbersome ammunition wagons.
The two guns Tarleton had with him could also be fitted with shafts that
enabled four men to carry them around a battlefield, if the ground was
too muddy or rough for their carriages. With the shafts, they resembled
grasshoppers, and this was what artillerymen, fond of nicknames for
their guns, called them.
The cannon added to Tarleton’s confidence. They could hurl a 3-pound
round shot almost 1,000 yards. There was little likelihood that Morgan
had any artillery with him. All the southern army’s artillery had been
captured at Camden. These guns with Tarleton may have been two of the
captured pieces, which had originally been captured from the British at
Saratoga in 1777.
John Eager Howard, Citizen-soldier
[Illustration: John Eager Howard]
Few field officers served the Continental Army with greater skill or
devotion to duty than John Eager Howard. When the revolution broke
out, he was 23, the son of a landed Maryland family, brought up in an
atmosphere of ease and comfort. He saw his first hostile fire as a
captain of militia at White Plains (1776). The next year, as a major
in the regulars, he helped lead the 4th Maryland at Germantown. In the
Southern Campaign of 1780-81, regiments he led fought with great
courage at Camden, Cowpens, Guilford Courthouse, Hobkirks Hill, and
Eutaw Springs. Nathanael Greene considered Howard “as good an officer
as the world affords.” After the war, ‘Light-Horse Harry’ Lee
described Howard as “always to be found where the battle raged,
pressing into close action to wrestle with fixed bayonet.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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