"Downright Fighting": The Story of Cowpens — John Shaqi
"Downright Fighting": The Story of CowpensFleming, Thomas J.
History
"Downright Fighting": The Story of Cowpens
Fleming, Thomas J.
Cowpens National Battlefield (S.C.); Cowpens, Battle of, Cowpens, S.C., 1781
Simultaneously, Morgan reached the geographical crest of the slope, with
the Continentals only a few steps behind him. He roared out an order to
turn and fire. The Continentals wheeled and threw a blast of
concentrated musketry into the faces of the charging British. Officers
and men toppled. The line recoiled.
“Give them the bayonet,” bellowed John Eager Howard.
With a wild yell, the Continentals charged. The astonished British
panicked. Some of them, probably the Fusiliers, flung themselves faced
down on the ground begging for mercy. Others, Thomas Young recalled,
“took to the wagon road and did the prettiest sort of running away.”
At almost the same moment, the Highlanders, whose weight, if they had
joined the charge, would probably have been decisive, received an
unexpected blast of musketry from their flank. Andrew Pickens and the
militia had returned to the battle. The backwoodsmen blazed at the
Scotsmen, the riflemen among them concentrating on the screen of the
cavalrymen. The cavalry fled and McArthur’s men found themselves
fighting a private war with the militia.
Astonished and appalled, Tarleton sent an officer racing to the British
Legion cavalry with orders for them to form a line of battle about 400
yards away, on the left of the road. He rode frantically among his
fleeing infantry, trying to rally them. His first purpose was “to
protect the guns.” To lose a cannon was a major disgrace in 18th-century
warfare. The artillerymen were the only part of the British center that
had not succumbed to the general panic. They continued to fire their
grasshoppers, while the infantry threw down their muskets or ran past
them helter skelter. Part of the artillery’s tradition was an absolute
refusal to surrender. They lived by the code of victory or death.
Once past the surrendering infantry, the Continentals headed for the
cannon. Like robots—or very brave men—the artillerymen continued to fire
until every man except one was shot down or bayonetted.
The last survivor of the other gun crew was the man who touched the
match to the powder vent. A Continental called on him to surrender this
tool. The artilleryman refused. As the Continental raised his bayonet to
kill him, Howard came up and blocked the blow with his sword. A man that
brave, the colonel said, deserved to live. The artilleryman surrendered
the match to Howard.
Up and down the American line on the crest rang an ominous cry. “Give
them Tarleton’s quarter.” Remembering Waxhaws, the regulars and their
Virginia militia cousins were ready to massacre the surrendered British.
But Daniel Morgan, the epitome of battle fury while the guns were
firing, was a humane and generous man. He rode into the shouting
infantrymen, ordering them to let the enemy live. Junior officers joined
him in enforcing the order.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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