"Downright Fighting": The Story of CowpensFleming, Thomas J.
History
"Downright Fighting": The Story of Cowpens
Fleming, Thomas J.
Cowpens National Battlefield (S.C.); Cowpens, Battle of, Cowpens, S.C., 1781
The Americans galloped for the Pacolet. Not until they had traveled 24
miles on this cold trail did they turn back. By then, it was much too
late. Tarleton was safely across the Broad River at Hamiltons Ford. But
the American pursuit helped save Thomas Young, the captured militiaman.
When Tarleton and his men, guided by the reluctant Goudelock, reached
the ford, it was almost dark. Someone told them the river was
“swimming.” Someone else, perhaps a loyalist scout, rode up with word
that Washington and his cavalry were after them. Considerable confusion
ensued, as Tarleton and his officers conferred on whether to flee down
the river to some other ford, attempt to swim the river in the dark, or
stand and fight. Everyone stopped thinking about Thomas Young and
another prisoner, a Virginian whom the British had scooped up along the
road. The two Americans spurred their horses into the darkness, and no
one noticed they were gone.
Tarleton crossed the Broad River that night and spent the next morning
collecting his runaway dragoons and other stragglers before riding down
to Cornwallis’s camp at Turkey Creek. The British commander already knew
the bad news. Some of the Legion cavalry had drifted into camp the
previous night. But Tarleton, as the field commander, was required to
make a detailed report.
According to Joseph McJunkin, whose father had been taken prisoner by
the British and was an eyewitness, Cornwallis grew so agitated he
plunged his sword into the ground in front of his tent and leaned on it
while listening to the details of the disaster. By the end of Tarleton’s
account, the earl was leaning so hard on the hilt that the sword snapped
in half. He threw the broken blade on the ground and swore he would
recapture the lost light infantry, Fusiliers, and Highlanders.
The general exonerated Tarleton of all culpability for the defeat at
Cowpens. “You have forfeited no part of my esteem, as an officer,” he
assured Tarleton. Cornwallis blamed the loss on the “total misbehavior
of the troops.” But he confided to Lord Rawdon, the commander at Camden,
that “the late affair has almost broke my heart.”
[Illustration: Of the three medals awarded by Congress—a gold medal
to Morgan and silver medals to Washington and Howard—only the Howard
medal has survived. The Latin inscription reads: “The American
Congress to John Eager Howard, commander of a regiment of infantry.”
The medal is in the collection of the Maryland Historical Society.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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