Melody, 1535? Harmony by A. Haupt, 1869. [In Winterfeld's edition of Luther's hymns, Leipzig, 1840, may be found a fac-simile of Luther's autograph draft of this paraphrase, including the cancelled draft of a tune for it.] IN KLUG'S GESANGBUCH, 1543. XXXII. - Von Himmel kam der Engel schaar. A shorter Christmas Song. _TO SHEPHERDS, AS THEY WATCHED BY NIGHT._ TRANSLATION by R. Massie. MELODY, 1543. XXXIII. - Erhalt' uns, Herr, bei deinem Wort. "A children's song, to be sung against the two arch-enemies of Christ and his Holy Church, the Pope and the Turks." _LORD, KEEP US IN THY WORD AND WORK._ MELODY, 1543. Harmony by W. Sterndale Bennett, 1865. XXXIV. - Christ, unser Herr, zum Jordan kam. A Spiritual Song concerning our Holy Baptism. _TO JORDAN CAME OUR LORD THE CHRIST._ TRANSLATION by R. Massie, amended. MELODY, 1525 first adapted to "Es wollt' uns Gott genaedig sein," supposed to be derived from an old secular melody. Harmony by A. Haupt, 1869. XXXV. - Was fuercht'st du, Feind Herodes, sehr? _Herodes hostis impie_ by Sedelius in the 5th century. _WHY, HEROD, UNRELENTING FOE._ TRANSLATION by R. Massie. _HARMONY by_ M. Praetorius, 1609. XXXVI. - Der du bist drei in Einigkeit. An imitation from the Gregorian hymn, _O Lux beata Trinitas._ TRANSLATION adapted from R. Massie. ORIGINAL LATIN MELODY. Harmony in von Tucher, 18--. INTRODUCTION A fit motto for the history of the Reformation would be those words out of the history of the Day of Pentecost, "How hear we, every man in our own tongue wherein we were born....the wonderful works of God!" The ruling thought of the pre-reformation period was not more the maintenance of one Holy Roman Church than of one Holy Roman Empire, each of which was to comprehend all Christendom. The language of the Roman Church and Empire was the sacred language in comparison with which the languages of men's common speech were reckoned common and unclean. The coming-in of the Reformation was the awakening of individual life, by enforcing the sense of each man's direct responsibility to God; but it was equally the quickening of a true national life. In the light of the new era, the realization of the promise of the oneness of the Church was no longer to be sought in the universal dominance of a hierarchical corporation; nor was the "mystery" proclaimed by Paul, that "the nations were fellow-heirs and of one body," to be fulfilled in the subjugation of all nations to a central potentate. According to the spirit of the Reformation, the One Church was to be, not a corporation, but a communion - the communion of saints; and the unity of mankind, in its many nations, was to be a unity of the spirit in the bond of mutual peace.