Datum-line, 52-104 Denton, J. Bailey, quotation from, 115 Distance between drains, 73 Diseases, malarial, 208 Ditches, cost of digging, 154 Draining, amateur, 47 Draining, indications of the need of, 9 Draining, its effect on farming, 171 Draining, tiles, how made, 174 Draining, tiles, materials for, 174 Draining, tools, (illustration), 114 Draining, what it costs, 150 Draining, will it pay? 161 Draining, when necessary, 7 Drains, Cubic yards of excavation in, 155 Drains, and drained land, care of, 144 Drains, lateral, should be parallel, 99 Drains, how they act, 21 Drains, obstructed, how cleared, 146 Drains, old, how formed, 146 Drains, rate of fall, 90 Drains, their action in the Central Park, 86 Drained Soil, capacity for receiving water of rains, 23 Drainage of dwelling houses, 232 Drought, 37-40 Economy versus cheapness, 152 Engineering and Superintendence, cost of, 153 Engineers, draining, 47 Epidemic at Maplewood Young Ladies’ Institute, 232 Epidemics caused by cess-pools, 237 Epidemics caused by ordure beneath houses, 238 Evaporation, 33 Evaporation, amount of, 34 Evaporation, effect on temperature, 33-35 Evaporation, heat lost during, 34 Fall, rate of in drains, 77 Fallacies in draining, 62 Fen-lands of England, 193 Fever and Ague, 208 Fever and Ague, exact cause unknown, 210 Filtration and absorption, 26-39 Filling, illustration of—ditch with, furrows, 141 Filling, maul for ramming, (illustration), 138 Filling, scraper for, (illustration), 140 Filling, the ditches, 136 Finishing tools, (illustration), 123 Finishing scoop, 123 Finishing scoop, how used, 126 Foot-pick, (illustration), 156 Four-foot drains, 70 Germination of seeds, 13 Gisborne, Thos., quotations from, 28-31-35-47-66-78-84-93-127 Grading, 124 Grading, cost of, 156 Grade stakes, 103 Grades, computation for, 109 Grades, how to establish, 107 Gratings in Silt-basins, 148 Hackensack meadows, 203 Hay, 168 Heat, amount of lost during evaporation, 34 House drainage, 220 House drainage, back drain system, 235 House drainage bad, indicated by offensive smells, 239 Indications of the need of draining, 9 Injury from standing water in the subsoil, 15 Impervious soil, 31 John Johnson, 164 Land requiring draining, 7 Lateral drains, 61-97 Lateral drains, direction of, 75 Lateral drains, shallow, how connected with deep main, 111 La Roche, quotations from, 213 Levels, how to take for drains, 104 Levelling instrument, (illustration), 52 Levelling rod, (illustration), 53 Location of main drains, 58