Drug Plants Under CultivationStockberger, W. W. (Warner Webster)
Science
Drug Plants Under Cultivation
Stockberger, W. W. (Warner Webster)
Botany, Medical; Medicinal plants -- Culture -- United States
Yields at the rate of 3 or 4 tons of dried root per acre have been
obtained from small plats. The prewar price paid to collectors varied
from year to year and usually ranged from 5 to 10 cents a pound. The
price in June, 1920, was 35 cents a pound. This crop does not appear to
be very promising, owing to the relatively small demand for the root
BONESET.
Boneset (_Eupatorium perfoliatum_) is a hardy, rather long-lived
perennial plant commonly found growing in low grounds throughout the
eastern half of the United States. The dried leaves and flowering tops
form the official drug.
Divisions of clumps of wild plants collected early in the fall will
serve for propagation. These may be set about a foot apart in rows in
well-prepared soil. During the first winter the newly set divisions
should be protected with a light mulch of straw or manure. Plants may
also be grown from seeds, which should be collected as soon as ripe and
sown in shallow drills about 8 inches apart in a rich, moist seed bed,
preferably in partial shade. When of sufficient size they may be set in
the field at about the same distance as the divided clumps.
The plants are cut late in the summer when in full bloom and the
leaves and flowering tops stripped from the stem by hand and carefully
dried without exposure to the sun. Yields of well-cultivated boneset
are quite large and 2,000 pounds or more per acre of dry herb may be
obtained under favorable conditions. The prewar price for boneset
rarely exceeded 2 to 3 cents a pound. The price in June, 1920, was 12
to 13 cents a pound. Since the demand is limited and the wild supply
fairly available, the cultivation of boneset does not offer much
prospect of profit.
BURDOCK.
Burdock (_Arctium lappa_) is a large biennial plant well known as a
common and troublesome weed in the Eastern and Central States and in
some western localities. The dried root from plants of the first year's
growth forms the official drug, but the seeds and leaves are also used
medicinally.
Burdock will grow in almost any soil, but the best root development is
favored by a light well-drained soil rich in humus. The seeds germinate
readily and may be sown directly in the field, either late in the fall
or early in the spring. The seed may be sown in drills 18 inches or 3
feet apart, as desired, and should be sown 1 inch deep if in the fall,
but less deeply if sown in the spring. When the seedlings are well
up they should be thinned to stand about 6 inches apart in the row.
Cultivation should continue as long as the size of the plants will
permit.
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