Drug Plants Under CultivationStockberger, W. W. (Warner Webster)
Science
Drug Plants Under Cultivation
Stockberger, W. W. (Warner Webster)
Botany, Medical; Medicinal plants -- Culture -- United States
When the retort is filled with aromatic plants and steam is admitted
through the pipe from the boiler, the volatile oil is extracted in
the form of a vapor, which is carried over with the steam to the
condenser, where both are condensed to liquid form. The oil and water
together flow from the condenser into the receiver, one type of which
is constructed like an ordinary milk can and is fitted with a siphon
leading from the bottom, through which the water is drawn off to
prevent the receiver from overflowing.
Many volatile oils will float on the water and may be drawn off from
the top of the receiver at will. Other oils, such as sassafras and
wintergreen, are heavier than water, and should be collected in a
receiver provided at the bottom with an outlet tap through which the
oil may be drawn off.
The cost of setting up a still will depend upon what facilities are
already at hand and upon the size and efficiency of the apparatus
installed. It may easily range from a small sum to several thousand
dollars.
YIELD.
The yield that can be obtained from drug plants in different localities
will naturally vary according to the suitability of the situation for
the plants selected for cultivation. Even in the same locality wide
variations in yield will result from differences in the lay of the land
and in soil, drainage, and seasonal conditions. The skill of the grower
and the degree of care and attention which he bestows upon his crop are
also factors affecting yield.
Many of the drug plants mentioned in this bulletin have not been
grown on a scale large enough to give a very satisfactory basis for
calculating yields. Acreage yields calculated from the product of small
garden plats are generally untrustworthy, since in such plats the
plants are usually more favorably situated with respect to soil and are
given better culture than when under field conditions. Moreover, as the
area increases, it becomes more difficult to maintain an approximately
perfect stand and to protect the crop from the ravages of insects or
other destructive agencies. The returns from small experimental areas
can at most be regarded as only an indication of the yield that may be
expected under favorable conditions, and the prospective grower will
do well to proceed cautiously until he has determined for himself the
possibilities of yield in his particular location.
MARKETING.
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